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Deep in the Southern Ocean, windswept and craggy, lie the Sub Antarctic Islands. A grouping of tiny outcrops doing little to stop the howling gales and tempestuous seas which characterise this part of the globe, the islands are one of the least visited and most under-rated destinations in the world.
The Sub Antarctic Islands comprise six islands or island groupings. They are in order of size Auckland, Macquarie, Campbell, Antipodes, Snares and Bounty islands. Macquarie is an Australian territory, while the remainder fall under New Zealand¹s jurisdiction. Arriving at these jewels in the southern ocean crown takes perseverance. While the ocean can at times be as flat as a lake, in typical southern ocean fashion it can whip itself into a frenzy at will, making for a bumpy ride, even in a well stabilised vessel.
The few small huts, remnants of earlier meteorological and conservation habitation on the island, sit in the shadows near the water¹s edge, underneath towering, rock-topped summits which rise hundreds of metres. It is on this first Sub Antarctic landing that visitors experience their first taste of the islands?history. It is a rich tapestry, stemming from their early discovery by sealing gangs in the early 1800s. Exploited by these early visitors, the islands wreaked their revenge on subsequent generations, becoming the site of many wrecks during the sailing ship era. Ships laden with wool, gold and other produce from Australia often headed south to catch the strong westerly winds which pushed them onwards to Cape Horn. Tragically, the isolated Sub Antarctic Islands often reared unexpectedly from the foggy horizon, often too late for the ships to avoid. The western reaches of the islands proved treacherous obstacles for such ships, which were soon dashed to pieces on the jagged rocks.
The British keen to illustrate their dominance over the southern ocean established a sailing colony at Port Ross on the Auckland Islands. Hopeful immigrants travelled direct from England to the island, but their settlement was short-lived. Lack of whales, poor soils and bad weather proved simply to much, even for the hardy souls who made the difficult journey, and in two years the site was abandoned. Settlement on Campbell Island, however, was far more successful. Sheep were farmed on the island for a number of years, until rising costs forced them to leave, and the island was abandoned in the 1930s.
Left alone on the islands with little to do but watch, these feisty few were expected to raise the alarm should warships or submarines take the southern route on the way to invade their homeland. Little has changed at these sites today. The bush has regrown, and some huts have fallen into disrepair, but the bravery and resolve of these men still lingers. While early settlement proved difficult, the islands were quickly recognised as areas of environmental importance. Great Australian explorer, Sir Douglas Mawson, called for Macquarie Island to be set aside as a nature reserve, which brought to an end the killing of elephant seals and penguins. Mawson described Macquarie as ³one of the wonder spots of the world? The legacy of this period of exploitation has been the modification of the habitats by some of the introduced animals. These are slowly being removed, and the islands returned to their natural state. All the Sub Antarctic Islands have been granted World Heritage status in recognition of their unique natural history, and they form a vital role in Southern Ocean ecology. A gentle tramp across Campbell Island, or a circumnavigation by foot of the miniscule yet environmentally perfect Enderby Island (part of the Auckland Islands group) is an eye-opener for the uninitiated. For wilderness buffs and birdwatchers alike, it is manna from heaven.
It is estimated that Snares Island, one of the smallest, is home to more seabirds than the entire British Isles. Albatross, petrels, prions, shearwaters and penguins are among the species which breed on the islands. Many of these species are endemic, and cannot be seen anywhere else in the world. Without doubt, these islands provide the world¹s best marine wildlife and wilderness expedition. The limited number of visitors allowed on the islands each year the New Zealand Government allows only 500 they are seen by only an exclusive few each year. Christchurch-based Heritage Expeditions has been offering expeditions to these remote islands for 11 years, and has developed an international reputation for providing minimum impact tours with highly experienced, qualified guides. Managing director Rodney Russ, a fierce advocate and protector of the islands, spent several years living and working in the islands with the New Zealand Wildlife Service. His vast store of knowledge about the terrain, plants and wildlife is seemingly inexhaustible. Rodney¹s team of guides share his passion for the islands, and they are more than happy to share their knowledge during a series of on-board lectures or conversations over a cup of coffee.
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