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Siem Reap - the name means "victory over Siam" and this historic town forms the gateway to the mysterious temple complex of Angkor in the jungle kingdom of Cambodia. The massive Mekong river basin connects the town of Siem Reap to Phnom Penh, Cambodia\'s capital city. It\'s strangely quiet for a capital, almost down-and-out. Wide palm tree lined boulevards hug the riverfront and the French colonial style buildings look tired and run down. Crowded boats with rusty old car motors ply the tea-coloured Mekong waters, ferrying mostly women and children and their provisions to and from the city. We were met by Muon, our English-speaking guide at the small Siem Reap airport. Don\'t even attempt to visit this historical area without a guide. It will make absolutely no sense, and you will come away wondering why all the fuss about a few old ruins. An official guide should cost about $20 per day, plus an additional amount for a driver. (Useful during the rainy season.) With only four days of sightseeing available, we had to plan our attack quite carefully. It would take over a week to see all the temples of Angkor, each of which is in varying stages of restoration. The temples form part of an ancient city of 400 km? and take one back to a time when the impressive Khmer empire was reflected in its monuments of stone. It is impossible to do justice to Angkor Wat with words. It really is a visual feast on a huge scale. I walked slowly across the paved causeway, which spans the surrounding moat and eventually leads up to the main gate in the outer wall. Once inside, three concentric galleries or passageways enclose the 5 towers of the elevated central sanctuary. Construction on Angkor Wat began in 1113 as a Hindu centre of worship in honour of the god Vishnu. Carvings of female deities or devatas appear throughout the temple, and the galleries display scenes in bas-relief of Hindu epic myths. A cool breeze blows through the perfectly straight passages bringing welcome relief from the heat and humidity outside. Another type of drama unfolded here in the recent past, and the outer walls of Angkor Wat are pocked with bullet holes where the Khmer Rouge battled Vietnamese forces. But the battle scars are not only to be found in the temple walls. They are to be seen in the heartbreaking eyes of many thousands of amputees, the innocent victims of the indiscriminate use of landmines. There are millions of unexploded landmines still being cleared in Cambodia. Their precise number and locations are not known, and many returning refugees have had the joy of being reunited with their families destroyed due to post-war landmine accidents. The Landmine Museum near Siem Reap is excellent, and provides some insight into the impact of these terrible weapons on a paradise gone wrong.
The temple was well worth the difficult journey. Green lichen had grown onto some of the tiers of this terraced structure, creating a beautiful green mossy effect on the rust-coloured sandstone blocks. The Banteay Srei has the best preserved and, as yet, unplundered carvings, depicting ancient scenes of everyday life, as well as religious legends. The afternoon was spent marveling at the sophisticated system of water control that existed in the form of gravity-fed reservoirs. A complex system of controlled release gates provided year-round irrigation to the area, which then became an agricultural powerhouse. The result was twofold: flooding during the wet monsoons was prevented, and the same water could be stored during the dry season. This was the main contributing factor to the dominance and longevity of the Angkorian empire.
But the human spirit is humbled when faced with the eternal forces of nature. The intriguing temples of Ta Prohm and Preah Kahn are the only temples of Angkor that have been left totally untouched since their construction around the turn of the 11th century. Over time, huge banyan trees have taken root in the temple walls, and have slowly prised the stone blocks apart reducing them to piles of rubble. Courtyards are a jumble of fallen carved stone blocks with branches and tendrils running between everything. Huge roots cascade over shattered roofs like molten wax, and others crawl along the littered ground before disappearing into another wall. It all bears testament to the relentless life force of the jungle. Evening activities in Siem Reap included a wonderful cultural showcase at the Apsara Theatre, which consisted of a traditional dinner and dance performance. The dance movements were striking and graceful, and costumes were vividly coloured and elaborate. Both the food and the show were equally exotic, and offered a unique taste of the ancient traditions of Khmer society. Most restaurants in Siem Reap are outdoors and offer reasonably priced, freshly prepared meals. Try the freshly caught steamed fish or
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