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In the world of chili peppers, how hot is hot? And which chile pepper is hotter than all the others? No contest. It¡¯s the Red Savina Habanero, listed as such in the Guinness Book of World Records. And it¡¯s all about the capsaicin, a natural chemical concentrated around the stems, inner membranes, and, to a lesser degree, the seeds of the chili pepper. The heat level of chile peppers is measured by a system developed by William Scoville in the early 1900s, and the Habanero tops the scale. Habanero chile peppers are also available in chocolate, orange, and salmon, still hot, but not as hot as the Red Savina.
The Habanero, which translates as Havana, might have originated in Cuba, but Mexico claims the distinction. It is an especially popular recipe ingredient in South American countries and the American Southwest. It can be purchased whole, dried, as a red sauce, or as a powder. Preparation of whole chile peppers requires care since the chemicals in them are apt to burn your hands. Slipping your hands into plastic gloves or bags and washing them thoroughly after preparation is highly recommended. This includes setting up the roasting process for chile peppers.
To roast, the peppers should be washed first, and then small slits made with a sharp knife to keep them from exploding in the oven. Place them without stacking on a baking sheet and bake in a 425 degree oven for about a half hour. Remove and wrap in foil for another half hour. When cool, halve them lengthwise and, if you wish, scrape away and discard the ribs and seeds to lessen the heat level.
When following a recipe that includes hot chile peppers, the degree of heat is up to the person preparing the recipe. It also depends on whether you¡¯re using whole peppers, pepper flakes, sauce, or powder, and what kind of chile pepper will be used. Habanero is exceptionally hot, but it also gives a distinct taste to food that will blend with the subtle flavors of the other ingredients in the recipe.
One of the simplest recipes from the wildcity.com site is Mango Tequila Salsa. Just mix, chill, and eat.
2 cups peeled, diced mango
2/3 cup red bell pepper, chopped fine
3 tablespoons tequila
2 tablespoons orange juice
1 teaspoon seeded, minced Habanero chile pepper
2 teaspoons chopped fresh mint
Add salt, if desired.
Another simple recipe from tasteoftx.com is Avocado Mango Salsa
1 ripe mango, peeled, seeded and diced
1 large tomato, seeded and diced
2 green onions, finely sliced
1 minced Habanero chile pepper, seeded, with membranes and stems removed
? cup freshly squeezed lime juice
1 large ripe avocado, peeled, seeded and diced
Add salt and pepper to taste. Combine the mango, tomato, onions, chile pepper, and lime juice in a bowl. (Prepare up to 3 hours ahead and refrigerate.) When ready to serve, add avocado and season with salt and pepper.
If, however, you prefer to prepare your salsa by using a blender, try Apple Habanero Salsa from panix.com.
2 smallish apples with crisp flesh, diced
2 Habanero chile peppers, washed, with seeds, stems, and membranes removed. (This is up to the person preparing the recipe. How hot do you want it? You can add or subtract)
About half a red onion, chopped fine
Fresh cilantro
2 tablespoons freshly squeezed lime juice
Salt to taste
Put Habaneros, onion, a little lime juice, and cilantro through the food processor. Toss with apple pieces and add more lime juice to get the right consistency.
Are your tomato plants overrunning your garden? Try this Garden Fresh Salsa also from panix.com. It is said to be an authentic recipe from Old Mexico passed down from generations to family members. Can tomatoes be grown in Mexico? Yes, if you¡¯re willing to spend the time to keep them watered and protected from desert animals.
2 fresh tomatoes (You can also use a small can of diced tomatoes)
? cup chopped green onions
? cup cilantro
2-3 Habanero chile peppers, prepared as desired
Salt, pepper, and garlic to taste
Put all of these items in blender and chop for 30-60 seconds. Pour into a jar and refrigerate.
HABANERO HINTS
1. Fresh chiles should be firm and heavy for their size with shiny skin. They should smell clean.
2. Roasted chiles should be used within a day or two.
3. The best dried chiles should be pliable and pleasingly fragrant with vibrant color.
4. Fresh chiles should be wrapped in paper towels and kept in the refrigerator.
They¡¯ll stay fresh for two or three weeks.
5. Store dried and ground chile peppers in airtight containers in refrigerator or freezer. They will retain their flavor for at least six months.
6. Chiles contribute complex flavor, not just heat. If you¡¯re new to hot dishes, however, it is best to start out with fewer chiles. You can always add more when you get used to the heat.
HABANERO HEALTH TIPS
As is the case with many foods, certain health benefits are attributed to chile peppers. It is said they have curative attributes. There is no cure for the common cold, but one of the favorite home remedies is chicken soup. According to a pulmonary specialist, chicken soup spiced with chile peppers, hot curry, and as much garlic as you can stand will make for a potent brew, and respiratory problems will be greatly relieved. Everyone knows, however, that hot peppers clear the sinuses.
Another use for chile peppers, the experts say, is to detoxify raw oysters. Catsup doesn¡¯t do anything, lemon and horseradish sauce work moderately well, but straight hot sauce from the bottle will kill the bacteria in one minute flat. If you decide to take a chance on raw oysters, using hot sauce can¡¯t hurt and will probably help.
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