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Frying is one of the most popular techniques for cooking foods, from pancakes to mushrooms to chicken. Essentially, frying something means heating it in oil until it becomes browned. Practically, there are a number of different cooking techniques that are referred to as frying. In this article, I will talk about pan frying, stir frying and deep frying.
Pan frying is one of the easiest cooking methods¡ªit¡¯s the way you fry an egg. Simply put a tablespoon or two of oil or butter in a pan, put the heat on medium or high, and drop the food in. With most foods, you¡¯ll want to use a spatula to flip them over half way through the cooking time, after one side has become browned.
Saut¨¦ing is very similar to pan frying, but it generally means using less oil and cooking the food until just soft rather than browning it.
Stir frying, a popular Chinese cooking method, means cooking food very quickly, over very high heat, while stirring it constantly. It¡¯s best to stir-fry in a wok, a large dome-shaped pan that transfers heat evenly and gives you plenty of space to stir the food quickly. Stir frying takes about the same amount of oil as pan frying, but you should have more oil available to add to the wok if the food starts sticking. Since stir frying requires high heat, you¡¯ll want to use oil rather than butter, which tends to scorch.
Stir frying is a very rapid method requiring lots of attention, so it¡¯s important to have everything set up before you start the actual cooking. Have all your ingredients chopped and within arm¡¯s reach so that you can toss them into the wok while continuing to stir. For a vegetable stir fry, keep everything crisp by starting with the hardest vegetables first and adding soft things like mushrooms just a few seconds before turning the heat off.
Deep frying is slightly more difficult than the other two methods. It requires you to immerse the food completely in hot oil until it is cooked through. Deep frying should be done in a pot or wok, or in a deep-fat fryer designed specifically for deep frying. Start by pouring in several cups of oil, enough to easily cover the food you¡¯ll be using. Heat the oil to medium-high. (If you have a deep-fry or candy thermometer, you can figure out the temperature more specifically. Many recipes call for a temperature around 350 degrees Fahrenheit.) To check if the oil is hot enough, toss in a piece of bread. If bubbles form around it, but it doesn¡¯t begin to smoke, you¡¯ve got the right temperature.
With starchy foods like potatoes or tortillas, you can just cut them to the size you want and put them into the oil. (Just make sure they aren¡¯t wet, since excess moisture can make the oil splatter.) Other foods like chicken or vegetables should be breaded or battered first. To bread your food, place it in a liquid mixture (usually some combination of egg and/or milk) and then toss in flour or cornmeal with any spices you want to add. Some recipes, such as tempura or beer-battered mushrooms, will tell you how to make a batter to coat the food with instead.
If possible, you want the food to be at room temperature when you add it to the oil to minimize the amount that the oil¡¯s temperature drops and make sure your food gets crispy.
If you have a wire basket for frying, you can place the food in it to ensure that it all cooks for the same amount of time. Otherwise, just place the food gently into the oil with a slotted spoon or chopsticks.
When the food is done cooking, simply lift out the basket, or remove each piece of food with chopsticks or spoon. You can then place the fried food on a plate covered with paper towels to drain before you serve it. |
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