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Zapraszamy do Polski!
Welcome to Poland!
A trip to Eastern Europe without a visit to Poland is like dancing the polka without the familiar ※oom-pah-pah§ or eating a pierogi stuffed with air 每 you*d definitely be missing something.
Poland is not only a cultural mecca in Europe; it*s also a country rich in architecture, dramatic in its history, and home to an irresistibly endearing people. In the years following Solidarity*s victory over this land, tourism has thrived and people are discovering the hidden treasures that were once only privy to Poles -- treasures that extend from the beautiful Tatra Mountains to the man-made Baroque and Renaissance architecture present in many towns* squares.
When visiting Poland, you need to know what you want to see. Following is a list of the favorites of locals and tourists alike. Some require reservations, so plan ahead.
Krakow (Cracow)
Grab your sneakers and walk around Poland*s artistic center. Formerly the capital of the country, Krakow has so much to offer its lucky visitors. In the year 2000, it was chosen (for the 2nd time) as the European City of Culture. Spend some time here and it*s easy to see why.
In Old Town, there is the Main Market Square and in the Square*s center, you will find Cloth Hall (Sukiennice). Originally a trading center, it still remains a bustling marketplace with kiosks featuring Polish art, wooden carvings, tapestries, etc. Head upstairs to The Gallery of 19th Century Polish Painting for a true sense of what Polish culture is all about.
Besides the art on the walls, you will notice that the walls themselves are art. The architecture is very eclectic in its periods, ranging from Renaissance to Art Deco. The remarkable architecture of Krakow*s churches is so awe-inspiring that it can stir even the most headstrong non-believer into a state of wonder. You might find yourself stuck marveling at the cathedrals until you get a reveille that happens every hour 每 a bugle call (hejnal) played from St. Mary*s Church. It*s a melody that is slightly haunting in it*s history. The music ends suddenly to symbolize when the original trumpeter was shot in the throat by an arrow as he played a song of warning. Within the church, you*ll notice the impressive main altar, which stands 43 ft high, the largest altar from medieval times still in existence. Towering over the hill is the Wawel Cathedral, where you will see The Royal Tombs. There are 100 kings and queens that have been buried here, so you can actually say you*ve trod upon royal ground.
Take the time to step into any of the numerous museums in the city. Czartoryski Museum, for instance houses a collection of paintings by Polish and western European artists from the 1200*s to the 1800*s. The collection*s most famous pieces include Leonardo da Vinci's A LADY WITH A WEASEL - the most valuable painting to be found in a Polish collection - and LANDSCAPE WITH A GOOD SAMARITAN by Rembrandt.
Another important part of Krakow*s history is also one of its saddest. Visit The Jewish Museum, inside the former Old Synagogue 每 the oldest Jewish building in the country -- to learn about the culture of the Jewish people of Kazimierz, thousands of who were exterminated in Nazi war camps.
WEILICZKA SALT MINE
Only 20 km from Krakow you will find an underground marvel. The Weiliczka Salt Mine is a mine that has been worked for over 700 years. Descend the Earth 180 meters (about 380 steps) and you will find an Atlantis of sorts. Amazing, impressive, awe-inspiring 每 all three adjectives are gross understatements. When you get down past 100 meters, you start to smell a fresh jungle-after-the-rain smell. The air quality is surprisingly excellent and there are even areas of the mine, special rooms, that are used for medical therapy for those with respiratory problems to sit and breathe the air.
There are ponds and lakes with bridges to cross, and supposedly they even used boats in the mine at one time. They also had horses in the early days that they would lower with harnesses and ropes. Of course, the horses spent their lives down there, once they were lowered.
For centuries, miners have whittled away the gray, salty walls and carved out statues of themselves, saints, heroes, and religious icons. There are full underground chapels and chambers entirely carved out of the salt. Being a very religious country, Polish salt miners carved out their own places of worship, so they didn*t have to come out of the mine to attend masses. The atmosphere is one of reverence and as visitors tour the chapels and look at statues, the tones are muffled and hushed 每 with acoustics resembling a church. One church is the 331 foot deep St. Kinga*s Chapel. It was started by one man in 1895 and finished in 1964. It is home to a huge relief of the Holy family carved into one wall and there are even intricate chandeliers made entirely out of rock salt 每 the detail takes your breath away. Don*t worry. You won*t have to climb 380 steps back up. There are a couple of small, albeit primitive (think: mine shaft) elevators that will transport you back to this world.
WARSAW
Warsaw, a booming, urban capital, has deep roots in Poland*s history. A great mix of old and new Poland can be found in this fascinating city where grandly restored palaces, Socialist Realism architecture and modern-day buildings share the same streets. Do art and culture capture you? How about entertainment? Then be forewarned that Warsaw may end up taking you prisoner without a chance of parole.
About 85% annihilated during World War II, Warsaw suffered the most loss of any Eastern European city. The citizens took on the ominous task of restoring their city into the geographical, political, and economic center of Poland. There is so much to do here, that visitors from all over the world beg for more time in order to see it all. Most of the sites to visit lie along the banks of the Wisla (Vistula) River where shopping, palaces, and the tourist-friendly Old Town await you. Take a relaxed stroll along the Vistula, sit on a bench and watch passers-by young and old smiling, holding hands, loving life. Have a drink at one of the many outdoor cafes, or stop in a quaint shop and you will definitely feel the enchantment of Warsaw.
Old Town (Stare Miasto) tops the list of things to see. You can plan an entire day here. Stand at Castle Square and take a panoramic look around. All of the buildings you see were completely destroyed and restored using old documents/city plans and an Italian artist*s detailed city view drawings. To the east of the square you will find the Royal Castle. Its massive structure was also destroyed, rebuilt and finally finished in 1984. Stop in The Castle Museum to learn a little more about this beautiful castle and see some of the original furnishings from the early Polish royalty. Take time to visit Holy Cross Church, perhaps one of the most impressive structures in Poland with its gold altar, large white columns enveloping worshipers and chandeliers hanging from ceilings that reach to the heavens. The people of Warsaw are excited to share their arts with thousands of visitors. From their famous National Opera, music theaters like the Roma and Buffo, the National Philharmonic, and many galleries (try the Zacheta Gallery) and palaces (Two that are sure to captivate are The Palace of Culture and Science and Wilanow Palace ~ the latter designed by Italian Renaissance architects.) As you visit, you*ll see that they are justified in their pride.
One great tourist attraction is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, where at noon each day, there is a changing of the guard that is interesting to see. After that, you can walk behind the tomb to the flourishing Saxon Gardens. Smell the lime trees while watching the fountains, pose near the numerous statues and relax near the tree-lined lakes. What a great place for a short respite 每 it*s quite a change from metropolitan Warsaw.
GDANSK
Most famous as the birth of the Solidarity trade movement in 1980, Gdansk is a beautifully restored old town. Main Town is home to some of the finest ornate architecture. Go through the Upland Gate and you will see the two main roads, which form an inviting pedestrian mall known as the Royal Way. As you do a little promenade down this thoroughfare, you will be taking the same route as many Polish kings whenever they visited Gdansk. Pass under a second gate, Golden Gate, which looks a bit like a Renaissance arch, and head east toward Green Gate. As you stroll, you feel the sense of being in the medieval era because it has still retained the same look as when it was built and occupied by wealthy ship owners and merchants.
Some key sites to visit as you go down Long Street to Green Gate are the gothic style Town Hall - done in red brick, Neptune fountain - a symbol of the power Gdansk held as a maritime trade center, and slightly north of Long Street is the not-to-be-missed St. Mary*s Church.
St. Mary*s Church, quite possible the oldest brick church in the world today, is colossal. It can hold over 20,000 worshippers within its walls. Built between 1343 and 1502, you can see several different architectural features. The ceilings reach for the heavens at 98 feet tall and you are surrounded by different elements from the Renaissance, Gothic and baroque eras. Sculptures like the Beautiful Madonna and the church*s 14-meter high Astrological Clock are just two of the things that make a visit to St. Mary*s worth the trip.
SOPOT
Just outside of Gdansk, there is another treasure 每 a 19th and early 20th century seaside town called Sopot. The ※Cote d*Azur§ of Poland, Sopot attracts tourists looking for a spa-like retreat. It has the country*s longest pier/boardwalk, Sopot Pier, which extends 500m into the Baltic Sea. Just like the south of France, visitors come to walk along the beaches, go to the casinos, dine at outdoor cafes and shop &til they drop. Besides the pier, try your luck at Bohaterow Monte Casino located in the city*s center and visit the artsy Grand Hotel.
AUSCHWITZ
One of the most popular places to visit in Poland is also one of its most dreadful. Auschwitz was a Nazi work/death camp during World War II. Today people come to the camp, located 50km west of Krakow, for many reasons. Some out of curiosity, some out of respect. It is less a place for tourism than a quest for answers or closure for hundreds of thousands who come here each year. As you pass under the metal arch with the words ※Arbeit Macht Frei§ (※Work Makes You Free§) above you, you feel a quickening in your heart in knowing that those who took the same path during World War II were not as lucky as you. For many, as you will see during a tour through the Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum, it was the lowest form of living possible.
The camp is huge. It extends about 50 acres, the largest and most horrific camp in history. Around 1.5 million people, mostly Polish Jews, were killed on these grounds from 1940 until the Soviet liberation occurred in January of 1945. The blocks were designed to hold an astounding 700 prisoners, yet the Nazis would force about 2000 of them into the already bulging quarters. But luckily for them, they were at Auschwitz. Had they been picked to go to Birkenau instead, their already slim chance for survival would have dwindled to almost nothing. Only 2 miles away, this is the camp where Jews were brought in from all over Europe to be gassed 每 at one point, the Nazis were gassing 20000 Jews a day here.
Many of the camp structures at Auschwitz have been preserved. Items from prisoners are displayed in the Museum of Martyrdom 每 items like suitcases with names written in a white (supposedly written by prisoners before they took their deadly showers, thinking that they*d be able to retrieve their belongings when they got out), shoes, clothes, and glasses. One particularly disturbing exhibit is the hair exhibit. There is a long case which holds over two tons of women*s hair. The hair was used for bartering, as it was used for weaving fabric and stuffing upholstery.
This is not a place for the light-hearted. Nor, understandably, do they allow children under the age of 13. Visitors don*t come here to joke or laugh. You don*t see tourists lining their family up next to an exhibit to take a holiday picture. The mood is somber and feeling is guilt. Guilt that you ever thought your life was hard. There are silent, muffled cries. There are strong men breaking down. There are ex-prisoners reliving for the first time. There are relatives of those who died wondering if those brown shoes were their father*s. Why visit? Unless you do, you won*t fully understand.
TATRA MOUNTAINS AND ZAKOPANE
100 km south of Krakow are the incredible Tatra Mountains. Captivating with beautiful alpine vistas, it*s easy to see why this is one of the favorite places to visit in Poland. The Tatra Mountain range shares two countries* borders, Poland and Slovakia. The range is about 60km long and 15km wide. Ride the Mt Kasprowy Weirch Cable Car to the summit. Here you can actually ※be in two places at once§ 每 place one foot in Poland and the other in Slovakia. Then visit the emerald gem of the Tatras, a famous lake called Morskie Oko. It truly is one of the loveliest spots in the mountains.
At the base of the Tatras is a quaint highland village, Zakopane. Zakopane is the most famous resort in Poland and is the country*s capital for hiking, climbing, and skiing. It is a popular destination for people all over the world, yet it has been able to maintain its small-town charm even today. Stop in at the Tatra Museum and learn about the Highlander customs (it used to be an area for sheep farmers) while learning about this revered mountain chain*s natural history.
There are many things to see in Poland, only a few of which are touched upon here. But the most wonderful reason for visiting this country would be the Polish citizens. A more generous, warm, hospitable people you*d be hard-pressed to find. There is one thing that has carried them through all their trials and tribulations. Just look at their smiles. From the little children gleefully running around Old Town Warsaw, to the toothless man grinning as you walk past him on Sopot*s Pier, they*re genuinely happy to see you. It*s a wonderful lesson of optimism and appreciation of life from which we all can learn. |
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