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Europe, the birthplace of Western civilization, has more than 25 countries packed full of attractions and things to do. Europe is filled with amazing architecture, stimulating artwork, interesting museums, religious and historical sites, preserved ruins, magnificent gardens, palaces, and castles, festivals, and artistic performances in theater, opera, and music. Besides the intellectual stimulation, Europe also offers spectacular scenery and outdoor adventures, and has mountains, rivers, and forests of great beauty. If you¡¯ve never been to Europe, consider a trip to see some of its attractions. For a first trip, a guided tour could be a good introduction; you can book tours that move very quickly, showing you a bit of several countries in a couple of weeks. After you have had a taste of all that Europe has to offer a visitor, you will surely want to return and pursue your interests in more depth.
If you are interested in amazing medieval architecture, the cathedrals of Europe will be must-sees. Although some visitors like to just wander around and look, tours are an advantage when you visit cathedrals, because the guide will usually know many interesting facts about the construction, history, and famous people associated with each church. Some of the details of the cathedrals, such as the stone carvings, gargoyles, intricate ceilings, artwork, and sheer size of the buildings, are astonishing, and there are many fine points you¡¯ll never see; many of the best statues are in the upper reaches, designed only to be seen by the ¡°eyes of God.¡± On your list of fine cathedrals in Europe should be Notre-Dame in the literal center of Paris, and Notre-Dame in Chartres, France, Westminster Abbey and St. Paul¡¯s Cathedral in London, St. Peter¡¯s Basilica in Vatican City inside Rome, the Gaudi Cathedral in Barcelona, and the Duomo in Florence. You will find numerous cathedrals in the countries of Europe; during the Middle Ages all cities made the building of at least one cathedral a priority and many of them are still used for worship services today. Since the cathedrals are sacred sites, some have dress codes for visitors; for instance, at St. Peter¡¯s you must have your shoulders covered and at least knee-length dresses; if you are wearing shorts, tank tops or other brief clothing you will not be permitted to enter.
Since Europe is the ¡°inventor¡± of Western civilization, its countries are packed full of museums offering artifacts and artworks from thousands of years of culture. The British Museum in London has a fabulous collection of items from civilizations around the world; the Rosetta Stone and mummies from Egypt, oracle bones from Asia, the sculptured walls of Ninevah, and statues from the Parthenon in Greece are some of the treasures you¡¯ll see at the museum. At the British Library next door you can see the Magna Carta, Shakespeare¡¯s First Folio, and the handwritten words to the Beatles¡¯ ¡°Ticket to Ride.¡± The National Gallery in London has many well-known paintings, as does the Louvre in Paris; the Louvre¡¯s best-known painting is ¡°Mona Lisa¡± by DaVinci. The Vatican Museum and Sistine Chapel in Vatican City house a priceless collection of religious art, one of the most extensive in the world. The Uffizi in Florence has the lovely Botticelli masterpieces, and Michelangelo¡¯s ¡°David¡± is in the Galleria dell¡¯Accademia in Florence. Many cities in Europe have museums showcasing artists who lived and worked there; for example, the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam has many paintings by Rembrandt. Since it would be impossible to see all the museums in Europe on one trip, or even a tiny fraction, choose a few paintings or artifacts that interest you the most, and concentrate on seeing a few at a time.
There are many European archaeological sites that have been excavated and can be visited to see what past cultures were like. Pompeii, near Rome, was buried in ash after the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 AD; you can now wander around the ruins and see many details of ancient life during the time of the Roman Empire. The Parthenon, in Athens, has been used since ancient times as a temple, originally built to honor the Greek goddess Athena. In England, you can visit Stonehenge, a ring of huge rocks built by ancient inhabitants. In Rome, remains of Caesar¡¯s Forum, the Circus Maximus, Roman baths, and the catacombs are popular attractions. Parts of roads, walls, and aqueducts built during the Roman Empire times are seen throughout parts of Western Europe, and Greece and other countries along the Mediterranean have ancient sites that were constructed thousands of years ago. If you¡¯re an ancient history buff, Europe has much to offer.
Since Europe has experienced thousands of years of history, there are numerous historical sites open to visitors. Some interesting sites to visit include the Tower of London, Windsor Castle, and Shakespeare¡¯s recreated Globe Theater in London, Versailles, the ornate palace of King Louis XIV of France, near Paris, the D-Day beaches in Normandy, Anne Frank¡¯s house in Amsterdam, Mozart¡¯s birthplace in Salzburg, Neuschwanstein Castle in Germany, remains of the Roman Empire and the marvelous artwork of the Renaissance period in Rome, Florence, Milan, Assisi, and other Italian cities, the Moorish influence on architecture in Spain, and the sobering Dachau concentration camp site near Munich. If you are a student of a certain period of European history, you may want to stay in one area for a length of time, soaking up the culture of the past.
The food of Europe varies widely from region to region, and you will get more of the taste of a country by visiting both urban and rural areas. Try to sample some of the local specialties, instead of sticking to food with which you¡¯re familiar, and you will probably find some new favorites. German and Austrian weinerschnitzel, French pastries and cheese, English fish and chips, Italian pasta and gelato, Greek baklava, gyros, and moussaka, Swiss fondues, Spanish tapas and Scandinavian smorgasbords are all safe choices. If you like a little risk, venture past the main tourist streets and you will find local restaurants that serve authentic dishes; they are also usually less expensive than the touristy ones. If you just can¡¯t abide the European style of drinking lukewarm cokes or water with ¡°gas¡± and have to have some ice or an American-style hamburger, fast food establishments are all over Europe now, but sampling the cuisine of different countries is fun and can be quite delicious and educational.
Europe has some outstanding natural wonders, including the huge mountain range, the Alps, rivers like the Rhine, Danube, Seine, and Thames, and wooded areas, such as the Black Forest of Germany. Skiing and other winter sports are popular in European cities such as Innsbruck, Gstaad, Zermott, St. Moritz, and Chamonix, and hiking, walking and biking tours are popular during the summer in the mountains and lake districts. Rhine Falls, Europe¡¯s largest waterfalls, are located in northern Switzerland near the German border, and are quite spectacular. Group adventures are available for those who want to hike, bike, trek, climb, raft, or otherwise experience the natural wonders of Europe, or if you just want to be a sports spectator, you can watch some of the world¡¯s greatest races, such as the Tour d¡¯France, a multi-day cycling race, or the Grand Prix, a Formula One car race in Monte Carlo.
Festivals are popular in Europe and huge crowds flock to events such as the Spring Flower Show at Keukenhof Gardens near Lisse, Netherlands, Carnival in Venice, the Passion Play at Oberammergau, Germany, and the Scottish Highland Games. Who wouldn¡¯t have fun at Sweden¡¯s Kiruna Snow Festival, Dublin¡¯s St. Patrick¡¯s Day events, or the Chelsea Flower Show in London? For those who need a little excitement, the ¡°running of the bulls¡± in Pamplona and La Tomatina in Spain, the Love Parade in Berlin, and Bastille Day in Paris are fun, and Oktoberfest in Germany and Tasting Week in France will leave your taste buds delighted.
Wherever you go in Europe, you will find plenty to do and see; there are attractions of all kinds, no matter what your interests may be. It¡¯s fun to make new friends, and talking to local people is an excellent way to appreciate a different culture, while finding out more about local customs, food, and attractions. Learn a few phrases in the languages of the European countries you plan to visit; although most Europeans speak a number of languages, it¡¯s a friendly gesture to at least attempt to communicate in the local language. Do a little research before your trip to have some knowledge about the areas you will visit, and you will surely want to learn more about the wonderful things you have seen after you return to your home. Europe is a destination you can visit again and again, never seeing the same thing twice if you so desire, or visiting your favorite places over and over. |
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