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Canoeing is a popular recreational activity, and though most canoes are used for short day trips on rivers and streams or casual paddling around a lake, a canoe is an excellent vehicle for wilderness camping. Canoe campers can carry much more gear and stay out much longer without re-supply than backpackers or kayakers. Although most any canoe can be adapted for overnight river camping trips, there are some qualities and design considerations you should know about if you are buying a canoe for the purpose of camping.
Canoes are available in tandem and solo configurations, with the tandem or ¡°two-person¡± varieties being much more common and versatile. A solo paddler can handle most tandem canoes just fine for downriver travel on moderate streams. Buy a solo canoe only if you anticipate always paddling alone and plan to do long trips on big lakes, rivers or in whitewater conditions. Otherwise, the tandem canoe will be more versatile and will have added capacity for weight and volume of gear.
Most tandem canoes range in length from 15 feet to 18 feet. There are much larger ¡°freighter¡± canoes designed for big loads or more than two paddlers, but most users won¡¯t need such a boat unless a big expedition in the far north is planned. The most common and perhaps most versatile tandem canoe size is the 16-footer. This length is just right for two paddlers but can still be handled solo, and it will carry a big enough load for two people to stay out for a week or more.
Although all canoes look similar, there are subtle differences in hull design that can make a big difference in how a canoe handles varying conditions, and how it carries a load. For all around camping in the widest range of conditions, it¡¯s best to pick a 16-foot canoe with a maximum beam (width at the widest point in the middle) of about 34-36 inches. Narrower canoes are faster but are tippier and cannot carry as much weight. Any canoe of this length wider than about 36 inches will be sluggish and harder to paddle on open water, especially in windy conditions.
A touring canoe should have very little ¡°rocker.¡± Rocker is the amount of curve in the bottom of the hull from the amidships section out to the bow and stern. If you place the canoe on a flat surface such as a floor, most of the hull should be making contact with the floor except maybe a few inches at either end. Little rocker means a longer hull waterline and this translates to easier and faster paddling and straighter tracking without sideways deviation. Canoes with a lot of rocker, so that the hull bottom sweeps up more at the ends, are designed for quick maneuvering in rapids and other challenging conditions, but are not as good for traveling and camping.
Above the waterline, the hull¡¯s profile should be low amidships with a bit of upsweep at the bow and stern. This helps deflect breaking waves you might encounter in windy conditions or in moderate rapids. Too much of this upsweep at the bow and stern can create too much windage however and make paddling open water difficult.
The main point of all this discussion of hull design is to reinforce the idea of moderation in all aspects of the design. A touring canoe should not be too short, too long, too wide, have too much rocker, or too much windage. It¡¯s easy to spot a good touring canoe, as it will just look right and look traditional. This type of canoe is based on the classic Indian canoe that has been perfected over thousands of years for just this use. Radical canoes developed for modern sports such as racing and running extreme whitewater are obvious departures from this design and with experience you will see why they are not suited to canoe camping.
Beyond the size and basic hull design, the other thing to look for is durable construction out of proven material, such as aluminum, fiberglass, Kevlar or modern plastics. The most expensive canoes will be the lightest in weight, which is a consideration if you plan to do much overland portaging with the boat, but most mid-priced canoes are more than adequate for canoe camping. Nice added features for a camping canoe are comfortable seats and plenty of tie-down points for securely lashing in gear bags.
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