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Have you ever joked that you're so stressed that you feel like "pulling your hair out?" Individuals affected by trichotillomania (trich) actually do. What causes this strange condition, and how is it treated? Read on to find out.
Trichotillomania is defined as an "impulse control disorder," in which people continue to pull hair from areas such as their scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, legs, and even pubic hair. It can also be associated with obsessive-compulsive disorders. The constant need to "pull" results in noticeable hair loss. Trich patients experience immense tension before pulling the hair, or when trying to avoid pulling. They feel great relief when it is finally pulled.
Why do people with trich pull their hair? There is no known cause, but trich is thought to be the result of a disruption in neurotransmitters (one of the brain's chemical messengers to nerve cells). It is usually triggered by a traumatic/stressful event, and is frequently associated with depression. Trich usually affects 12 to 13 year old girls, but it can affect people of all ages. It tends to occur in teenage years, most likely due to hormonal changes.
There are many different treatments available to people with trich, but they depend on the person. Behavioral therapy is recommended to increase awareness of pulling and creating substitute behaviors to reverse the habit. Medications are occasionally prescribed to help symptoms such as depression or obsessive-compulsive disorders. While these have been shown to decrease pulling, patients tend to begin pulling again once the medications are stopped. Seeing a psychiatrist is recommended to talk through traumatic events or depression that could have caused trichotillomania.
What can the trich sufferer do to help themselves stop? If you pull with your hands, try trimming your fingernails very short so that is difficult to grip the hair. Also, you can paint your fingernails a bright color (such as red) to see and make you aware of when you are pulling. Stress balls have been recommended to keep the hands busy and away from the hair, and some people even wear gloves that make it impossible to pull. If you pull with tweezers, write yourself a reminder on them, such as "Don't pull!" Another helpful hint I came across was to freeze the tweezers in a glass of water. If you try to pull with them, you will need to let them thaw for a few hours. In that time, you can hopefully convince yourself not to pull.
How do you disguise embarrassing bald spots while hair is growing back in? There are some online stores that specialize in making false eyelashes and wigs for sufferers of trich. Eyebrows can be touched up and/or drawn on the face with eyebrow pencils, which can be purchased at your local drugstore or beauty counter. Glasses can distract people from bald spots around the eyes, and eyeliner is helpful in covering areas without eyelashes.
In my case of trich, I jumped from several psychiatrists year after year, and struggled with stopping. Then, I saw a local dermatologist. She was the first professional I saw that seemed educated about the condition, and had actually suffered from trich herself. She showed me diagrams of the hair root, and the damage I was doing to myself. We identified the times when I found myself pulling, and made alternate behaviors to do when I felt the urge to pull. For example, I noticed myself pulling often while trying to fall asleep at night. Instead, she told me to concentrate on rubbing my bed sheet, or tucking my hands under my pillow. After a few months, I finally stopped, and grew in beautiful new eyelashes.
Trichotillomania is a rare disorder that is currently being researched. Since it is frequently linked to other problems, finding a treatment plan for those afflicted can be difficult. However, with some research, educated professionals, and willpower, trich patients can overcome this disorder and move on with their lives.
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