|
Sickle cell anemia is a disorder of the blood that is inherited by parents who either have sickle cell anemia or by parents who carry the sickle cell trait. It is called sickle cell anemia because the red blood cells, which are normally round shaped, are in the shape of a sickle, or crescent shape. Because these cells are abnormally shaped, it is hard for them to smoothly pass through narrow blood vessels. This causes blockages in the vessels, which can not only be quite painful for the sufferer, but can also lead to long-term organ and tissue damage.
In America alone, over two million people carry the sickle cell trait, but only 70,000 actually suffer from the disorder. Most of those who suffer from sickle cell anemia are either African-American or of Mediterranean descent. However, this does not mean that other ethnicities are ”°safe”± from this disorder.
There is not one true list of symptoms that are had or felt by sufferers of sickle cell anemia, but there are a few conditions that may arise from it. A sufferer may have what is known as acute chest syndrome, which is similar to pneumonia. This is caused by sickle cells that have become stuck in the lungs or by a general infection. Symptoms include fever, pain in the chest region and an x-ray that comes back with abnormal results. Eye problems are also possible. The retina may begin to deteriorate due to a lack of nourishment from red blood cells, which may cause blindness. Sufferers also frequently get what is called a crisis. This is when pain occurs randomly in a joint or organ, due to the sickle cells blocking a vessel. Depending on the patient, the actual pain and the number of crises that occurs in one year varies. Some sufferers have only one crisis a year, while others may have more than ten. The pain can last anywhere from a couple of hours to a couple of weeks, and many patients must be hospitalized due to the sheer severity of the pain.
More than half the states in the United States perform blood tests on newborn babies to test for this disorder. Although there is no cure, as of yet, for sickle cell anemia, technology has advanced enough to allow those who suffer from this disorder the ability to lead a normal life. The treatment and detection of sickle cell anemia is especially critical in newborns and infants. In order to prevent infections in babies, children who suffer from this disorder are given penicillin orally twice a day from the time they are a few months old to the time they are five years old. Since the most common symptom of sickle cell anemia is pain, these crises are usually battled with strong pain-reducing medication. Many sufferers are also treated with frequent blood transfusions, which allow for the addition of normal shaped red blood cells that help prevent anemia. These transfusions also help prevent strokes and an enlarging spleen. Even though there is no cure now, that does not mean there will never be a cure. As of now, however, sufferers of sickle cell anemia can live normal healthy lives well into their forties, which is a jump ahead from past decades. |
Artical Related:
Sign language expression: the importance of gestures and facial expressions
Side effects of ginseng
How to draw out a shy person
Face shape and personality: should you wear bangs?
Should you pierce your ears?




