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What is Alzheimer¡¯s disease (AD)?
Alzheimer¡¯s Disease is commonly known as affecting the minds of the elderly, but it is in fact a physical illness. Alzheimer¡¯s can affect an individual¡¯s mood, memory and behavior patterns. It can cause impairment of reasoning, and in Alzheimer¡¯s disease the brain¡¯s ability to function properly decreases over time. This disease is a form of dementia. Alzheimer¡¯s disease is often abbreviated to AD. Typically, Alzheimer¡¯s disease affects individuals over the age of 65 and the signs and symptoms can vary in both frequency and severity for each person. Although it may take many years for a progression of Alzheimer¡¯s that will affect a person¡¯s ability to function alone, AD always increases in severity over time and causes specific changes to the brain which can be seen on a brain scan.
What are the Symptoms of Alzheimer¡¯s Disease?
The frequency and severity of symptoms of Alzheimer¡¯s disease can manifest differently in every person and AD may evolve over the course of many years as it slowly worsens. Most individuals with Alzheimer¡¯s disease will lose short-term memory as the first sign of illness. For example, they will easily recall a memory from high school but not be able to tell you what they ate for lunch. Other symptoms of Alzheimer¡¯s disease revolve around forgetfulness, and memory and often result in emotional upset as well. The most common signs and symptoms of Alzheimer¡¯s disease are:
?Forgetting how to get to familiar places
?Forgetting the names of familiar people and things
?Forgetting the day, date or year
?Misplacing things, or losing things more often
?Losing train of thought while speaking or repeating things over and over
?Losing interest in people, places and things they use to enjoy
?Feeling anxious, nervous, or overly suspicious without a specific cause
?Feeling stressed over simple decisions like what to eat, or watch on television
Some of these signs and symptoms may seem similar to depression in the elderly, however, in individuals who have true Alzheimer¡¯s disease the symptoms always worsen and always become more severe over time. The progression of Alzheimer¡¯s can become so severe that it is debilitating, affecting a person¡¯s ability to engage in every day activities of daily living.
What are the Stages of Alzheimer¡¯s Disease?
There are three stages associated and recognized as the progression of Alzheimer¡¯s Disease although the actual behavior, cognition and activities of daily living for each individual may vary in presentation within those stages. The three stages are:
Stage One ¨C The Mild Stage: In this stage a person with Alzheimer¡¯s disease loses their ability for short-term memory. He or she may forget appointments, the names of friends and family, what they ate earlier in the day, or may not retain new information they would normally have learned.
Stage Two ¨C The Moderate Stage: In this stage of AD, a person begins to need assistance with activities of daily living. Confusion, irritability and agitation are common. The individual with Alzheimer¡¯s may forget they turned on the stove burner, or be unable to carry out basic activities such as cooking foods for themselves. Hygiene may become difficult, and he or she may need to have supervision.
Stage Three ¨C The Severe Stage: This stage is also known as the Final Stage of Alzheimer¡¯s disease. The individual suffering with AD at this time may no longer be able to make decisions for themselves. They may have difficulty recognizing friends and family, or not recognize loved ones at all. At this stage he or she must either live with loved ones or be in a nursing home, as they will require round the clock supervision to assist with feeding, bathroom duties, and all activities of daily living.
Who gets Alzheimer¡¯s disease?
Alzheimer¡¯s Disease typically affects adults over the age of 65, and is considered a condition of the elderly. People with Alzheimer¡¯s may develop difficulties with speaking, learning, remembering, making decisions and activities that require planning. There have been cases of Alzheimer¡¯s developing in people under age 50 but they are extremely rare and the cause of Alzheimer¡¯s remains unknown.
However, there are certain factors that have been noted by researchers to correlate with a predisposition to Alzheimer¡¯s disease. If you have a parent or sibling with Alzheimer¡¯s, are a woman, or have had a serious head injury your risk of having Alzheimer¡¯s increases which is why your health care practitioner will want a complete health history to help rule out other conditions as well as identify Alzheimer¡¯s as a correct diagnosis. |
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