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Spas or hot tubs come in two different types: the above ground (or portable) variety and the in ground variety. The type you choose would depend upon your personal preferences and the space you have in which to place your tub.
The above ground tub is a free-standing unit that generally will take up less room than the in ground variety. This is not because the above ground tubs are smaller, though they often are, but because they take up less space overall. The heater, pumps, filter and blower are self contained under the portable hot tub. The heater is generally small in size and uses an element similar to the one in your home hot water heater. The pump and filter are smaller than those of the in ground spa and usually not as powerful. They don¡¯t have to be, because the distance the water or air has to travel is only around the tub. The compactness of the equipment makes it easy to move an above ground spa, if you want to.
The above ground tub is generally very plain looking, with a wooden enclosure. They are generally made of molded fiberglass, with seating for two to ten, although there are some redwood tubs still available. They may have recliner style seats as well as step type. The jets are generally built into the seats and there is usually a great variety as to size and number. These will sometimes also have a light in the tub for safety and are equipped with steps leading up the side and into the tub. Entry to the above ground tub is over the edge of the tub.
The in ground spa is one that is placed into the ground. It may be a part of an in ground swimming pool or it may be a separate unit (either with a pool or alone). This type of hot tub is by nature a permanent feature and cannot be moved. They are generally a part of the landscape and can be very beautiful. These tubs are made of concrete, gunite (like a swimming pool), or fiberglass. The fiberglass variety is less common, however. These would normally have step type seats and would have a maximum of 16 jets, with four being the norm. The heater may be gas or electric powered and is generally very large, the filter and pumps are large as well. These would be comparable to their swimming pool counterparts, and like the swimming pool counterparts, this equipment is removed from the area of the tub. It may be inside its own enclosure, or tucked away in a remote place, out of earshot, thus making operation very quiet. The drawback to this is that the heater, pump and filter have to be larger and more powerful in order to cover the distance between the equipment and the tub. This could raise your energy bill and lead to additional problems if you encounter a broken pipe. The good news is, however, that the water in the tub heats up much faster and stays hot longer than an above ground tub.
An in ground tub would be entered from ground level and the steps would be into the tub, only. This would also lend itself to creative shapes of tubs, as well as creative landscaping, such as hiding the tub in the bushes, or within the rocks of the patio. Doing this with your in ground spa can enhance the relaxation feature of hot tub ownership.
As you can see, there are advantages and disadvantages to each type of hot tub. You will need to determine which features you want and choose accordingly. No matter what type of hot tub you choose, you will not regret your decision. It will serve you well for years to come.
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