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Safety is critical to keep in mind when performing any kind of electrical maintenance. Wall outlets contain enough high voltage to deliver a serious, if not fatal, shock. A minimum of two people is preferable when performing any high voltage electrical work so that one person can do the work and the other can be there in case of an emergency. Always, always be sure that all power is shut off at the circuit breaker or fuse box before attempting maintenance. Never perform any electrical work on an energized circuit!
Before any work can be done, you will need to have all the necessary tools on hand. You will need a standard screwdriver, a Philips screwdriver, and a pair of wire strippers. It is a good idea to have some electrical tape on hand, in case a wire¡¯s insulation is damaged.
The first step is to disconnect the electricity at the circuit breaker panel or fuse box. Keep in mind that a live outlet provides 120VAC. Since I have run into so many circuit breaker boxes that have been mislabeled, I recommend using a nightlight as a circuit tester. If the light goes out, there is no power present at the outlet. But, if the outlet is being replaced due to its failure to provide power, you will need a voltmeter. To check a bad outlet with a voltmeter, the outlet must be pulled out of its electrical box.
To remove an outlet, the next step is to remove the outlet¡¯s cover plate. This consists of a single screw in the center. Once the cover plate has been removed, you now can remove the two screws holding the outlet in place. Now that you have removed the mounting screws, carefully pull the outlet away from the wall. If you are waiting to use the voltmeter to ensure power has been removed, use extreme care when pulling the outlet away from the wall. You can now see the three wire connections on the sides of the outlet. Typically, the wires are black, white, and green, with the black wire as the hot lead, white as neutral, and green going to the ground. Place the leads from the voltmeter on the screws connecting the hot and neutral. If the voltmeter reads around 120VAC, you need to go back to the circuit breaker box and try to find the proper breaker to remove power before continuing.
After you have positively removed power from the circuit, disconnect all three wires from the old outlet and connect them to the corresponding connection points on the new outlet. As you place the outlet back into position in the wall, be sure that no bare wire is going to come into contact with anything. Shorted power wires have been known to start house fires. If you find an area of broken insulation, repair it with electrical tape. Install the two mounting screws to hold the outlet in place, and then reinstall the outlet¡¯s face plate. The last and final step is to reset the circuit breaker.
By following these steps, any novice handyman can replace an electrical wall outlet easily and quickly. Remember, safety first!
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