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A lease is a binding legal document between a tenant and landlord, and for many people, an apartment lease is their first experience with extensive contracts. Leases vary in size and complexity, but each one outlines the expectations for both owners and residents. It is vital to read a lease thoroughly before signing, and most landlords allow prospective tenants to preview a sample lease before committing to moving in. By being fully aware of the lease¡¯s conditions, restrictions, and clauses, the tenant is well-prepared for a pleasant home, no matter what mishaps or unusual circumstances may arise.
A lease first specifies basic housing information. The apartment number will be noted, and be certain you have inspected that specific apartment rather than a model before signing the lease. Lease lengths vary from month-to-month agreements to six, nine, or twelve month tenures, and the beginning and end dates of the term specify when the lease is in effect. The number of roommates and specific occupants of the apartment are also listed.
The amount of rent is listed prominently on a lease, and accompanying clauses spell out any grace period, late fees, and how residents are expected to remit payment ¨C by cash, check, or money order. Most apartments will not accept credit cards for rent payments. The security deposit is also discussed, including the amount, where it is held (whether an interest-bearing account or not), and how it may be returned to the resident. A lengthy clause explains the procedures for landlords to make claims against a tenant¡¯s security deposit and how the tenant may dispute those claims.
Many apartments include utilities in the rent payment, and the lease specifies which items are included. Overage charges may exist for excessive use, however, and tenants should be aware of limits or restrictions.
Security concerns are prominent on many new residents¡¯ minds, and the lease delineates how many keys are provided and the procedures for changing locks, adding additional precautions to an apartment, or reporting lost keys. Many leases provide comprehensive security suggestions for residents, including advice about locking doors, securing windows, and other safety tips. Fire protection is also discussed, including which fire protection measures ¨C sprinklers, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, etc. ¨C are provided.
A lengthy portion of any lease defines community policies such as quiet hours, parking restrictions, and resident conduct both in your apartment as well as common areas including courtyards, pools, and recreation centers. This includes restrictions on pet sizes and types, information about additional rent or deposits for a pet, and how the animal must behave on the property.
Most residents want to personalize their new home, and the lease details what can and cannot be altered such as painting or wallpapering. If you do make changes, the apartment must be restored to its original condition when you move out or the landlord may impose fines and replacement fees. Routine maintenance is also covered and the procedures for requesting repairs should be carefully outlined, including the typical response time, what repairs the resident is responsible for (changing light bulbs, for example), and what fines exist for excessive damage. This part of the lease may also cover pest and rodent control or extermination.
A lease should provide contact information for the office, security personnel, and maintenance requests both while the main office is open as well as after hours for emergency situations. For many apartments, emergency contact information will be the same as for the surrounding community, such as calling the police or rescue operations if necessary. Emergency situations are defined so residents know which repairs or situations are not considered crucial and can wait until the office has reopened.
The final clauses of a lease cover moving out procedures and fees. Tenants may have the option to sublet the apartment, or allow someone else to live there during the summer, for example, but the persons named on the lease are always responsible for the regulations and restrictions the document outlines. Moving procedures include notification, how to vacate the property, and what cleaning or inspection is necessary. If residents move before their lease is completed, there may be penalties or other fees deducted from the security deposit or charged before the deposit is returned. Many leases include exceptions to early termination fees, however, that excuse military personnel or other specific people from these considerations in certain circumstances.
Finally, a lease outlines the procedures the landlord or resident must follow if either party violates the lease. Failing to uphold community regulations or otherwise not adhering to what the lease outlines may lead to legal action and the lease is the records of what expectations were originally agreed upon.
In addition to these basic considerations, most leases include multiple addendums or amendments concerning items tailored to that specific property. Pool or fitness center rules, guidelines for satellite dish installation, and information about hazardous materials such as lead paint, asbestos, or mold may be added to the lease to provide as much information as possible to each tenant.
A multi-page lease intimidates many first-time tenants. By thoroughly reviewing each item, clause, and addendum, residents familiarize themselves with their legal rights and responsibilities as well as the landlord¡¯s. Renewing tenants should review each new lease for changes or additions and to refresh their memory about community policies. Complete, accurate knowledge about your apartment lease insures a safe, responsible, and happy home for every member of the community.
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