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Every good mason knows that mortar is the glue that holds bricks, blocks, and other types of building materials together. If the mortar is not mixed correctly, then the durability of the entire project is weakened. Mortar has to be mixed correctly so that it securely forms a bond, and so that it is easy to spread and to work with also.
Mortar mixes usually come in two different types: Type N and Type S. Type N is suitable to use for inside, as well as outside projects that are above grade. Type S, on the other hand, is suitable for below - grade projects. Mortar is basically composed of cement, sand, lime and water. The cement acts as a bonding agent, while the lime helps the mortar hold water for a longer period of time so it doesn't dry out quickly. Lime also makes the mortar less frail and less prone to shrink. The two different types contain the same ingredients, but the ingredients are in different amounts.
To mix up a large batch of mortar to do a substantial building project, you will need to add the materials together in an electrical mixer. First, turn the mixer on, then pour in about two thirds of the total amount of water the mix calls for. The next step is to add in one half of the sand. (Here's a quick tip about choosing the best sand: the sand should be a good grade that does not contain a lot of clay.) The third step is to pour in the needed amount of cement, the rest of the sand, and enough water to make the mortar easy to work with. For the best results, don't overmix the mortar; five minutes is normally a sufficient amount of time.
To mix up a smaller batch of mortar, you can use a wheelbarrow and a hoe. Pour the sand into the wheelbarrow, and use the hoe to make a divot in it. Then, pour the cement into the divot. Make a second divot in the middle of the dry materials, then pour the water into the divot. Mix the materials together thoroughly with the hoe.
Whether you mix up a large or small batch of mortar, you need to test its viscosity with a hoe. Dig into the mortar and make some ledges. If they stand up, the mortar is the proper consistency for spreading. If the ledges fall over, then you will need to pour in more of the dry ingredients. If the ledges are crumbly and they won't stay together, then your mortar mix needs more water.
For purposes of consistency, you will need to mix up every batch of mortar the same way you mixed the first one up. The easiest way to make sure that all the batches are uniform is to write down the exact measurements of the materials.
Here's another tip that can help you in mixing up batches of mortar: keep the pile of sand covered up with a tarp or a piece of plastic when it¡¯s not in use. This will help to keep the sand from getting wet from rain, and from drying out.
Finally, if you need to tint your batches of mortar so they match some existing colored - mortar, you can purchase dye at your local builder¡¯s store. The dye is mixed into the mortar to achieve the desired color. Here's another important tip: be sure that you mix the dye into the dry cement before you add the water. Other than its natural light gray color, mortar can be changed to a variety of colors that includes white, cream, tan, and cocoa brown. |
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