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If you want to own and raise a chinchilla, what are some of the basics you should know? First of all, they are one of the few rodents with a sweet disposition so that even children can safely handle them. The males and females tend to live together without hostility and will even raise the babies, the kits, together. So, if you¡¯ve decided you want one of these charming creatures, then read on.
Chinchillas come from the Andes mountains in South America and were named by the Spaniards. Chinchilla means ¡®little chincha¡¯ which comes from the Chincha Indians who used their fur for decorations. There are several varieties of chinchilla. The Lanigera is a hardy strain with colors ranging from a light bluish gray to brown. The Brevicoudata are larger chinchillas with long fur and the Costina are smaller with bluish fur. The North American is a combination of the three and is probably the most popular and the one you¡¯ll likely find in your local pet shop. They are nocturnal and tend to have two to four babies in a litter. The babies already have their eyes open when they¡¯re born as well as their fur, and mature at about a year old. They will be weaned at about 6-10 weeks old.
Chinchillas have been known to live an average of ten years in captivity, but some have reportedly lived until twenty years old. The female is a little larger than the male. The kits only weigh about 1-3 ounces when born and should be handled shortly after birth to get them used to people right away. If for any reason you have to feed a baby chinchilla before it¡¯s weaned, you¡¯ll have to do this every 2-4 hours and use a formula recommended by your veterinarian or reputable pet store. Once the babies are about a week old, you can feed them chinchilla chow that¡¯s moistened to make it easier for them to eat. As they grow, you can reduce the frequency of feeding until they are completely weaned and on their own.
Like other rodents, a chinchilla¡¯s teeth will be constantly growing, so you¡¯ll need to keep enough chew toys and sticks in the cage with your babies so they can keep their teeth ground down. Since they are vegetarians, they are designed to eat large amounts of fibrous food. You¡¯ll notice that your chinchillas are very clean and will wash themselves often, but if they become frightened, they can shed patches of fur, so always be gentle and quiet around your new pets. Sexual maturity is at about eight months of age, so if you don¡¯t want to breed chinchillas, make sure you either have just one sex, or keep them separated.
Chinchillas prefer to give themselves a dust bath, instead of using water. Special dust bath materials are available at pet stores. You¡¯ll need to supply a dust bath every day and leave it in the cage for 15 minutes to an hour to allow them time to bathe. You should have a separate dish where you can put about an inch of dust for your chinchilla to roll around in. Since chinchillas, even babies, are very active and love to climb and jump, you¡¯ll need a fairly large cage, preferably with platforms for them to climb on. Keep their cage dry and not too warm: somewhere in the range of 50-70 degrees is ideal. In the wild, chinchillas eat grasses, leaves and bark, but in captivity, you can feed your pet timothy hay (not alfalfa hay because it has too much calcium) and chinchilla pellets. You can also feed them small amounts of grains or dried apples.
You should always have your new chinchilla checked over by your veterinarian every year to make sure its healthy and doesn¡¯t exhibit any problems such as nutritional deficiencies. There are some diseases that chinchillas can get: symptoms include fur chewing, respiratory infections, heat stroke and ringworm. But, if you take good care of your chinchilla, you will have it around for a long time. |
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