|
Kidney disease, also known as chronic renal failure, or CRF, is often an unavoidable part of the aging process. As cats age, their organs simply wear out and are unable to function as they once did. The specific causes for kidney disease are unclear. Genetics, age, environment and other underlying diseases all may play a role, and so absolute prevention of the disease may be nearly impossible. However, there are things owners can do to maximize the functioning of their cat¡¯s kidneys and keep them as healthy as possible.
One preventable cause of kidney disease is ingestion of toxins such as antifreeze. Antifreeze can cause severe and immediate damage to the kidneys, leading to renal failure and death. Prognosis is usually poor, but if veterinary treatment is sought immediately, and if the damage has not been too severe, the cat may recover. Keeping cats inside, where they cannot be exposed to antifreeze, is the best way to protect them. If an antifreeze leak is noticed, it should be cleaned up immediately to prevent accidental ingestion.
Unfortunately, the cause for kidney disease is not usually so obvious or treatable. The best approach is to concentrate on overall health, in order to minimize the risk for kidney disease. Maintaining dental health may provide some protection, because the bacteria present in the mouth are thought to have some link to kidney disease. Keeping a cat¡¯s teeth clean may keep the bacteria from building up and causing problems in other parts of the body. However, care should be taken when administering dental treatment, because some of the procedures could themselves cause kidney trouble. Anesthesia must be administered before any oral procedure, and some forms of anesthesia can be rough on the kidneys. However, there are other forms that are much gentler on the kidneys, and using these may prevent damage. In addition, dental work may release some of the bacteria present in the mouth, causing problems throughout the body. Giving a cat antibiotics prior to any kind of dental surgery may prevent complications.
Medication used to treat hyperthyroidism may also play a role in kidney disease, and so cats taking this medication should be monitored regularly. Treatment for hyperthyroidism reduces the amount of the thyroid hormone present in the cat¡¯s system, and this decreases blood flow to the kidneys. Underlying kidney problems may then become apparent, and may even progress further. For some cats, their hyperthyroidism may have been protecting their kidneys. Many cats with hyperthyroidism also have high blood pressure, which increases blood flow to the kidneys. Because treating their hyperthyroidism decreases this blood flow, if the kidneys were already struggling, their functioning may decrease rapidly.
If a cat shows symptoms of kidney problems, changing its diet may help prevent the condition from progressing into kidney disease. The cat should have access to plenty of fresh water, and the amount of sodium in the diet should be decreased. Increasing the moisture content in the diet is also advised, and the cat should be fed both dry and moist cat foods.
Potassium supplementation is often recommended, because it is speculated that low potassium may be a possible cause of kidney disease. Whether it is a direct cause or simply an early warning sign is not known, but there does seem to be a correlation, and it is known that a potassium deficiency can make an existing kidney problem worse. Excessive urination, common in cats with kidney disease, depletes the body of potassium and can cause kidney function to deteriorate. However, it is thought that potassium supplements may delay the progression of the disease, and so some veterinarians suggest giving cats potassium supplements if levels appear low. Care should be taken when using a potassium supplement, however, because too much or too little potassium can be harmful. It is best to consult a veterinarian to determine the appropriate dose.
Acidified diets, commonly fed to cats suffering from urinary problems such as lower urinary tract disease, should not be given to cats without a urinary tract condition. It is thought these diets may interfere with the absorption of potassium, and the chronic potassium loss that results may contribute to kidney disease. The urinary diets can be very beneficial for cats with urinary problems, particularly younger cats, but can harm the more delicate kidneys of older cats. Middle-aged and older cats should be fed a senior diet, and an acidified diet should only be given as a treatment for an existing urinary condition. If fed to a cat who has kidney problems, an acidified diet may hasten progression of the disease.
Identifying and treating urinary tract infections early may also help protect a cat¡¯s kidneys. Infections are not always obvious, but the bacteria present can damage the kidneys and may compromise their functioning. This could put a cat at greater risk for kidney disease later in life. To prevent irreversible damage, owners should have their cat¡¯s urine tested frequently for signs of infection, and treatment should be administered immediately.
There is no cure for kidney disease, but the disease can be managed and afflicted cats can live healthy lives for several years. Because the disease is still not completely understood, and because there are so many contributing factors and possible causes, preventing the disease is difficult. However, there are many measures owners can take to maintain their cat¡¯s overall health, and this may help protect against kidney problems in the future. By feeding their cat an appropriate diet, watching for any signs of illness and providing prompt and frequent vet care, owners can reduce their cat¡¯s risk for health problems and keep them happy and healthy for many years. |
Artical Related:
Is a cat the right pet for you?
Pet tips: advice on new kittens
How to tell if your cat has fleas
Catfishing tips: bait, location, time and how
Cat care and safety tips




