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With a chain tool and a little patience, you can repair or replace any bicycle chain. Bike chains today come with a special link that makes for easy removal or attachment of chains without using any tools, however to repair a bike chain, you still need a chain tool. It¡¯s a good idea to get the heavy-duty type for home repair and another, lighter one, to keep with you on the bike for emergency repair. What¡¯s the difference? The heavy-duty shop type of chain tool has two slots for chains, which we will go into later in the article. You can buy these at any bicycle shop or bike catalog, you¡¯re looking for a chain tool with a long drive handle for any chain. The light chain tool is usually made of a light metal alloy and has a short drive handle to save on weight, with one slot for chains. These are good for emergency road service.
The most common chain problem is lubrication. A dirty, dry chain is the usual culprit for chain troubles. If you hear squeaking coming from the chain, and the chain feels dry to the touch, the links stiff as they move through the pulleys of the derailleur and gears, then your chain is in need of cleaning and lubrication. Another problem is a chain that has too much lubrication and has collected dirt in the lubrication. Run your finger or a rag over the chain. If you have grit on the rag or your finger, it comes off black, even gooey; you need to clean and lubricate the chain. These problems are easily fixed with the chain on the bike or off.
The easiest way to clean and lubricate a chain is with the chain on the bike. If you can afford it, there are scrubbers that fit on the chain while it¡¯s attached to the bike. Follow the directions on the chain scrubber for filling the tank and attaching to the chain. They are very simple, an opening in the top to put in your cleaning solution, you can use kerosene or any type of oil solvent, stay away from gasoline, it is highly flammable and very dangerous. Other types of solvents that are not dangerous are on the market and I recommend them for your safety.
Fill the tank with the solution and with the rear wheel elevated off the ground so that the wheel spins freely, turn the pedal crank and allow the chain to run through the scrubber. Once the chain has completely gone through the scrubber and you can see the chain is now cleaner, detach the scrubber and allow the chain to dry completely. If you don¡¯t want to use a chain scrubber tool, you can do the same thing by hand. Put your solution in a container like an old coffee can. Take a brush and scrub the chain by hand until you have cleaned the entire chain. You can do this easily by doing one section then pushing the pedal to advance the chain for cleaning until you have completed the entire chain. Now take a clean rag and go over the chain again. Once cleaned, allow the chain to dry.
Now that the chain is clean, you are ready to add lubrication. There are a number of bicycle lubrications on the market. Any light machine oil works well too, what ever you use, stay away from heavy thick oils. There are bike lubrications that use a wax base to lubricate your chain, these work well and have the advantage of not holding dirt but require more frequent application. Apply the lubrication evenly and sparingly on the chain. Most have a nozzle that you can drip on the chain as the chain moves, the same way as when you were cleaning it. Once you have covered the entire chain, allow a few minutes to pass so that the lubrication can work into the links. It¡¯s a good idea to keep the chain moving for this. When you¡¯re done, run a rag over the chain to take off any excess lubrication. An oily chain will pick up and hold grit from the road, which is as bad as a dry chain.
Let¡¯s take the chain off. First, look to see if your chain has a link for easy removal. If you cannot view the links well, you need to run a rag over the chain so that you can see each individual link and pin. Look for a link that is a different color then the rest or that has a link where the pin fits into a slot rather then hole. Almost all chains of this nature are made with the link a different color then the others. If you cannot find this link, then you need a chain breaker. If you have this type of link, then a little patience is required until you master how easy they are to release. You will see that the sides of this one link have a slot in them. With your fingers, push on the sides of the link so that the pin releases from the slot. Once you see how this works, it¡¯s quite easy to do. You re-attach the chain in the same manner. Now that the chain is off, you can clean and oil the chain without having the bike in your way.
You looked for that special link but can¡¯t find it, don¡¯t worry, you can still easily remove the chain. Take your chain tool; if you have two slots, use the slot that is adjacent to the thick end section of the tool, this thick end is the guide. You will place the tool so that the drive pin lines up with the pin in any link you choose to release the chain. Turn the driver, making sure the pin stays in line, you will see that the end of the driver matches the diameter of the pin in the chain. There will be some resistance, if you feel too much resistance, make sure the driver lines with the pin. Turn the driver until the pin comes out the barrel and moves inside the guide at the of the chain tool but not completely out the other side of the link. As you turn the driver, you will feel a slight give and if you look at the chain tool, you can see the pin is almost flush with end of the guide. You want to keep the pin attached to the other side for ease in re-connecting the chain. When you feel the pin has left the barrel of the link, remove the chain tool and pull the chain apart. If you cannot pull it apart then attach the chain breaker and continue driving the pin out the other side. Be careful, you do not want to drive the pin so far as to push it completely out the other side, just until it has left the barrel of the link.
To re-attach your chain to the bike, put the chain back on the bike, making sure it is going through the pulleys in the correct way and over the gears, just as it was before you took the chain off. You might want to draw a diagram before removing the chain, so that you will know how it should go back. Make sure the pin is facing you and not the inside of the bike to make re-attachment easier. Now, place the two ends of the chain in the same slot of the chain tool you used before. The pin will face the driver of your tool; you might have to back off the driver to fit the pin. Again, align the driver with the pin, turn the driver until the pin is pushed back into the barrel of the link and flush on both sides. Be careful, if there is a lot of resistance, it¡¯s because the pin is not lined up with the barrel. Before using more pressure, make sure you have everything lined up. This takes patience; you have to hold the chain tool and the two ends of the chain in place. Once you have the pin flush with the other side, remove the chain tool and see if the link is as pliable as the other links. Many times, it will be stiff. If this happens, you can use the second slot on the chain tool, if it comes with one. That¡¯s the one closest to the driver. Put the stiff link with the pin in this slot and push the driver against the pin.
Do not apply so much pressure as to push the pin through, just enough to apply pressure against the pin. This forces the link to open a bit and allows the link to move freely. Check to see if the link now moves freely and that the pin is still flush on each side. If not, you need to apply in the same manner until the link moves easily and is flush on both sides. This works for what is called, a stiff link. A stiff link occurs when a link is under stress from either too much torque or damaged by not enough lubrication. A sign of ¡®stiff link¡¯ is the pulley of your derailleur snaps back when the link goes through. If you are riding the bike, it will feel like you changed gears, even though you haven¡¯t. Find the link by slowly moving the chain until you see the pulley fighting as the link goes through. It takes some patience but once you locate it, you can then test it by moving the link by hand and you will notice it does not move as freely as the others do. Use the chain tool in the manner described earlier for a tight link. If your chain tool has one slot, you can still loosen the link. You need to apply pressure to the pin using the driver against it, but you need to do this on both sides until the link moves easily. Remember to keep the pin flush with each side.
Like all moving parts, chains have a life span. When you ride your bike and the chain skips over the gears, causing a loss in power, you need to change your chain and gears at the same time. Chains come in a long length; you might need to remove some links to size the chain correctly. Take your old chain and your new chain and line them up. You will notice that your old chain has actually stretched, so make sure you have the same number of links before taking off the excess. Simply follow the procedures above for the type of chain you have. Keep the leftover chain; you might need it later on for repairing a damaged link. Simply remove the damaged link or links and add as many new links as you need by following the same procedures above.
Keep your chain clean and lubricated and you will avoid almost all chain problems. Most chain problems are the result of a dry or dirty chain with too much lubrication. If you simply run a clean rag over the chain after riding, feeling the chain for lubrication and keeping it maintained, you will avoid most chain repair problems. |
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