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Coaching a youth basketball team is equally challenging and rewarding. Coaching any team is a large responsibility and with youth comes an additional level of commitment from the coach. However, coaching a basketball team does involve similar techniques regardless of what age group you are working with. The fundamentals of the game are the same, and in fact are the easiest to instill when the players have not already developed their own approach. Obviously coaching is going to focus on the rules and design of the game. Therefore, as a coach you can expect to give attention to offensive and defensive strategies. Drills for dribbling, shooting, passing, rebounding, in-bounding, and tip-offs are essential parts of a practice routine. However, being a coach, at any level, is more than just drilling technique. The fun, sportsmanship, mental health, physical health, friendships, and work ethic of a team are also part of the coach¡¯s duty.
First and foremost, the coach is going to need some players and a safe place to practice. Many youth leagues provide coaches with access to secure courts or gymnasiums. Otherwise, a local, well-lit park will usually be a safe place to hold practices. The safety of the team rests entirely in the coaches hands. It is very helpful for a youth coach to meet as many of the parents as is possible. This earns the coach respect with the players and their families. At this point, it is also possible to discuss the teams equipment needs. Uniforms and the proper footwear are essential for a basketball game.
Once you have gotten your team organized and have set a practice schedule you can begin teaching the game to your players. It is important that they understand the fundamental rules of the game. Give them a rundown on the basics of game play and make sure to explain the fouls, penalties, referee purpose, and any rules specific to your youth league. Directly alongside of the basic rules of the game, you should teach your team the importance of stretching and warming up. Begin with a stretching routine that focuses on all the muscle groups used in basketball. Basketball is very active and utilizes the entire body so make sure to stretch the arms, legs, neck, back, and sides. Stretch each muscle group by extending in a direction until the muscle becomes tight and then holding for 15 seconds. This allows the muscle to stretch slowly and greatly reduces the chance of injury. Next, begin a light warm-up process that will gradually work the muscles into a fully ready state. Once you feel all your players are ready, bring a focus to practice and begin.
The most straightforward way to devise a practice is to consider the elements of both offense and defense. You need your players prepared to instinctively handle all types of game situations. So let us look at the simplest breakdown: offense and defense.
Offense mainly consists of dribbling, passing, and shooting. Dribbling is in an essential game skill for every player position. Have your team start at one court baseline and dribble to the far side of the court and back. First allow them to use just their right hand for one cycle, then the next just the left, and lastly have them use a back and forth rhythm.
Now let us think about shooting. These drills are more position specific and should be adjusted some for each position. Obviously shooting guards will practice the widest range of shots, whereas a power forward or center will need to focus on the area closer to the basket. Your shooters will practice three pointers and your tall players will practice close to the basket moves such as the jump hook. Everyone has to practice lay-ups, with both hands and from both sides of the basket. Line your players up in two lines at half court, have one line going to the left side of the basket and the other line going to the right side. Pass your player the ball, have them take a few dribbles and then lay the ball up with the player from the other line catching the offensive rebound. After every lay-up and rebound drill have the players switch lines. Every so often, switch which hand they are using to lay-in with or switch which side they are approaching the basket.
Good free throw shooting is crucial if you want your team to win games. Often referred to as the 'charity stripe', the free-throw line has been the game breaker just as many times. Free-throw shooting is easy to practice, just make sure to have your players shoot 10 in a row with another player rebounding. Shooting several in a row without having to move helps to build and reinforce muscle memory.
Passing the ball unselfishly is one the most important team strengths. Setup several situation specific drills, and go through different passing techniques. The type of pass used should directly relate to the defensive situation your team is encountering. A few situation drills to include in your practices are: the passing guard has to get the ball into his center, at least five passes before a shot, have the center or power forward receive a pass and then pass back out to an open three point shooter, the give-and-go, and the ¡®pick and roll¡¯ play. All of these are essential passing skills for a good team to have.
Now let us consider defense practice. The coach needs to pick defensive strategies such as zone defense or one-on-one defense. These tactics enable a team to take advantage of their strengths or to exploit the other team¡¯s weaknesses. Your players must be able to adjust to the different offensive styles of other teams. Individually, teach your players to watch the opponent¡¯s hips not their eyes or hands. The hips lead and move in the same direction as the opponent is going to go, whereas watching other body areas can throw a defending player off. Your youth squad will have to know how to defend against the fast break and the inbounds pass. Simple strategies work just fine; to be effective in these situations is more a function of awareness, and a little organization. Run a few drills every practice that utilize the defensive formations and strategies that emphasize the game situations you will likely encounter. Dividing your team into two teams is a great way to scrimmage during practice. Feel free to interrupt game play when you want to point out something.
Try and keep things simple because you have to remember this is a youth league team you are coaching, not the seasoned veterans you envision them capable of becoming. The coach has to appear confident, in control, and very patient. Youth league sports are obviously not just about winning or losing, but about experience and sportsmanship. A coach has to know that he is both shaping players physically and mentally. Coaches must prepare for the responsibility, including being prepared for potential injuries. Most importantly have fun as you help guide your new young friends. |
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