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Helmet: Not all drop zones require them, but it¡¯s in your best interest to wear one. Some drop zones will start students out in a lightweight leather hat called a frap hat, which offer essentially no protection from impact. Others will start students in a basic open-face hard helmet. Experienced skydivers often prefer hard helmets, which come in full-face and open-face varieties. The location and specifically the climate a skydiver is most often jumping in is an important factor in choosing headgear. Jumpers in colder locations might prefer the full-face helmet because of both warmth and protection from the elements. It¡¯s also useful in protecting the face from elbows, knees or feet that a skydiver might encounter on exit or while doing relative work during freefall. Some people find that their vision is slightly impaired, or they become too warm with a full-face helmet, so they prefer wearing an open-face helmet along with goggles. Cost is also an important factor when it comes to choosing headgear. Full-face helmets tend to be on the expensive side ($160 - $340) depending on the brand, model and options. Face shields can cost around $20 to replace. With all the brands and models out there, it is an excellent idea for a skydiver to figure out exactly which helmet will work best for them before shelling out the money to buy one.
Goggles: Goggles are unnecessary if you¡¯re wearing a full-face helmet, but they are a good idea when wearing a frap hat or an open-faced hard helmet. Goggles range from around $8 for a very basic pair made from a thin plastic shield to $23 for goggles that look like sunglasses, but include such features as an anti-fog treatment and shatterproof lenses. Wearing regular sunglasses or eyeglasses without goggles is not recommended, due to the tendency of the wind to catch them and pull them off during freefall. Making sure goggles fit as tight as possible will prevent anyone from losing them during a jump.
Harness: The harness is actually the set of straps that connect your body to the container. It consists of shoulder straps, a chest strap and leg straps, all of which are adjustable. A poorly fitting harness can make skydiving a very uncomfortable activity. Harnesses are generally custom-made to fit the person they are for, but they can also be found used, if you can find one that was made for someone of the same height and weight
Container systems: There are nearly as many opinions on the best container system as there are skydivers. Besides the brand, the main factors in choosing a container system are the material it¡¯s made from, the size of the main and reserve containers, and the manner in which the main is deployed. Containers are generally made from either Cordura or Parapac. The size of the canopies that will be going into the container dictate the size of the main and reserve areas within the container.
Main parachute: The size of the main parachute will depend on a skydiver¡¯s experience, weight and their desire (or lack thereof) to feel scared or confident during their landing. Beginners should choose a canopy with at least a 1:1 wing loading. For example, if a skydiver weighs 150 lbs., the canopy should be at least 150 square feet. Nearly everyone today uses ram-air canopies, which are rectangular in shape and made from either F111 or Zero-P fabric.
Reserve parachute: The reserve parachute is a safety feature that is used only when the main is either not deployed, or is deployed but then has a malfunction that cannot be fixed within the required time.
Altimeter or audible device: Students generally start out with an altimeter that is worn on the hand or the wrist if they learn through Accelerated Freefall (AFF). If they learn through a Static Line course, they wear one that is mounted on the chest strap. These visual altimeters have a very basic design, with a dial that shows altitude marked in increments of a thousand, with tics along the dial to mark either 200 feet or 500 feet. More advanced skydivers might use an audible device in their helmet. The most popular ones are the Pro-Dytter and the Pro-Track. These audible altimeters can be set to beep at any altitude, but most start at 1000 feet and beep more rapidly closer to the ground. The Pro-Track can also record data from a skydiver¡¯s jumps, such as which jump number it is, what altitude the parachute was deployed, and the highest speed reached during freefall.
Automatic Activation Device (AAD): This self-contained device uses barometric pressure to calculate rate of descent and altitude and will deploy either the main or reserve parachute at a preset altitude (usually 750 feet). While this device is required for students, it is also worn by the majority of experienced skydivers. The Cypres AAD is the best known and most widely used AAD.
Jumpsuit: The type of jumpsuit a skydiver chooses will depend on which body orientation they prefer to fly in. If someone is new to the sport, or doing relative work in any capacity, they will want one of three different types of RW jumpsuits. There are slim-fitting ¡°fast¡± suits with various grips that are worn by most competition jumpers and lighter weight skydivers; slightly looser suits that are worn by competition jumpers who wish to fall at a slower rate and average-sized recreational jumpers; and baggier fitting or ¡°wing¡± suits for heavier people who wish to fall at a slower rate or with more stability. ¡°Wing¡± suits are also worn by skydivers who film or photograph skydivers very often. The fabric the suit is made from will have an impact on the fall rate of the skydiver, so that aspect should also be taken into consideration. Freefliers will want to look for a suit that is slightly less fitted and generally made from a lighter material, even though experienced jumpers can freefly in nearly any type of jumpsuit. If you¡¯re buying a new jumpsuit, the best thing to do is to ask around at your local drop zone to see which company they prefer. You could also call a manufacturer. They can tell you what cut, material and options would be best for your body type and the orientation you prefer to fly in. If you¡¯re buying a used jumpsuit from a drop zone store or another skydiver you might be allowed to "try before you buy".
Using the right equipment and taking advantage of both new and proven technology can lead to the most enjoyment possible from the sport, while helping a skydiver to be as safe as possible! |
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