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For beginning skateboarders, longboards are often a good way to learn the basics of skateboarding. The wide wheel base and larger wheels make the board more stable, making it easier to stand. The size of the board, or truck, makes a good platform for pushing off or riding upright, and the new materials in use improve the speed and maneuverability of these long skateboards. For both the beginning skateboard fan and the experienced shortboard rider, there are many reasons to try out a longboard.
Longboards are distinct from regular skateboards not just by their size, but by their general use. Because of the difficulty turning and maneuvering, longboards are not used for kicks or tricks in the same way that shorter, more flexible boards would be. Instead, the longboard has more in common with a surfboard. The long design was influenced by boards in California, and even today the board is most popular there. Instead of the jumps and spins that shorter boards aimed for, the longboard was more of a 'cruising' board. The length and stability made it perfect to stand on and complete surfing-style turns. The rider is able to crouch down and lean into the turns in a way only possible with longboards.
When trying out a longboard for the first time, there are many factors that go into choosing a particular board. Size, wheel base, and design are all factors, and a beginning skater should take the time to get to know all varieties before choosing which one suits them best. Longboards are generally between 40 and 55 inches long. However, some can get as long as 60 inches. The length of a board, also known as a truck, can determine many things, from turning radius to basic stability, but the longer the truck often the more difficult it is to control during turns. Extremely long boards are often not the best choice for beginners, who may have difficulty completing turns or changing direction. Extremely short boards, however, may not be as stable as the others. Short boards make it more difficult for novice skaters to stay upright and may not have the power of a longer truck. Instead, a medium-sized longboard gives a good balance between stability and maneuverability.
Besides the length of the truck, boards come in a variety of materials. The most common type of board is still the basic wooden type. Wooden boards are composed of multiple layers of thin wood planks, epoxied together to form a flexible yet durable truck. Modern wooden boards use wood glues and various resins to keep the board together and to improve the performance of the wood. More recently, however, fiberglass boards have become more popular, using the lightweight synthetic material to keep maneuverability high while making the board very durable and sturdy. Skaters should try both options before deciding, though many skaters still claim wood trucks are the best material.
Trucks also vary by design, with a wide variety of curves and shapes to choose from. From the basic flat layout of the truck, to boards with raised ends for ground-hugging curves, to oddly-shaped boards designed for other tricks, there are board shapes for every type of skater. Beginning skaters may want to start with a basic flatboard, or one with slight, concave curves at both ends. Once comfortable with a basic board, a skater can always try other varieties for different skating styles.
Next, the truck is mounted on wheels, which determine not only the speed of the longboard, but also the stability and turning radius. Longboard wheels are larger than normal skateboard wheels, giving them greater power and speed but also decreasing their ability to perform sharp turns. To improve this turning radius, longboard wheels are mounted on high-quality bearings, giving them faster speed and improved performance. Wheels come in various types, from smooth designs made for concrete surfaces, to large heavy-grip wheels designed for rough surfaces or grassy surfaces. The large area of a longboard and the large wheels make it possible to ride over almost any surface, including rock or grass.
Wheels also vary according to how they are mounted on the truck. The wheel axles determine most importantly the way the board responds during turns, and the amount of stability the board has in general. Wide wheel axles make the board more stable, but decrease the turning radius, while narrower wheel axles give sharper turns but make it harder to stay on the board.
Because the design of longboards is more akin to that of surfboards or snowboards, they are able to turn in much the same way. Carving curves on asphalt and concrete is one of the main attractions of longboards, and thus is an important aspect of choosing a board. With the right truck, the right materials, and well-balanced and proportioned wheels and axles, a skater will be able to enjoy his longboard the way it was meant to be enjoyed: tearing wide curves on paved streets while enjoyed the stability and speed of the longest skateboards available.
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