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The story of how the electronic flash came about is a fascinating one. In 1938, Harold Edgerton, a brilliant electrical engineer and inventor of the first strobe, perfected multi-flash photography of athletes in motion. By 1940, sports action photography was revolutionized as cameras were able to capture high-speed motion due to the flash. In all major newspapers after 1940, electronic flash photographs of sports events were regularly published. Harold Edgerton went on to be a great innovator in stroboscopic lighting for medical research, and in sonar development. Without great inventors like Edgerton, we may possibly not have had the access to flash photography as we do now!
Flashes operate in concert with your camera settings, whether a built-in digital flash, or a familiar predecessor, the flash unit attached to your manual camera via the hot-shoe. The flash on manual cameras operated automatically, in other words, if you attached a flash unit to your 35mm manual camera, it automatically ¡®knew¡¯ to fire when you clicked the shutter release button, bathing your subject instantly in a night bright light. The more modern digital cameras give the photographer a little more control over the flash, requiring you to press buttons to turn the flash on and off, and also to control the intensity of the flash. Not to say that you could not control the manual camera flash, usually those flashes also were adjustable, but only on the flash unit itself, not adjustable from the camera. This is the beauty of digital technology, basically the flash operation is totally controllable from the camera itself, making flash photography more precise.
How your particular flash operates depends upon the type of light-metering that your camera has on board. Older manual cameras had either an incident meter or a reflected meter, which are basically internal light-measuring instruments which measure light based upon the available light in the optical field of your camera, or measurement based upon light that is reflected back to the camera from the subject area. When your manual camera light meter indicated the available lighting scenario to your camera, it fired the flash automatically or manually, depending on the camera. The newer, higher-end digital cameras have what is called a spot meter inside. This is the most accurate measurement of light, indicating the amount of available light at wherever you point your camera lens while you press halfway down on your shutter release button. The digital spot metering is accurate and precise in it¡¯s measurement of available light. In most instances, your digital camera will indicate to you that there may be insufficient light available for a good photo, at which point you would be advised to activate the built-in flash.
When you choose to use your flash is entirely up to you, depending upon what your particular shooting scenario encompasses. It is perfectly acceptable to activate your flash whenever you feel the need for more light. A common use would be using ¡®fill flash¡¯ on a bright sunny day. Even if the sun is blazing high in the sky, you may see shadows on the face of a person you are photographing, or dark areas in an otherwise bright photo. Using fill flash to compensate for the shadows or dark areas is a very good idea. I always suggest shooting a frame without the flash and then with the flash to compare. This is really only a suggestion if you are using a digital camera, which immediately shows you your result. If the fill flash turns out to be too bright, you can knock down the intensity of it by consulting your camera manual and learning how to adjust your flash brightness settings. Most digital cameras have three settings: Low, medium and high. Choose one of these settings, or test each setting by shooting a frame using each, and then compare your results.
If you happen to be shooting photos outside on a cloudy or rainy day, the flash will add a warmth to your photos, and eliminate some of the ¡®dullness¡¯ of color associated with an overcast or ¡®gloomy¡¯ day. Some wonderful photographs can be produced on inclement weather days, especially if you have a digital camera and adjustable flash settings. Experiment by photographing subjects with flash on a ¡®gloomy¡¯ day, and you will be surprised at some of your great results!
Indoor shooting scenarios almost always require your use of the flash. Indoor lighting just is not sufficient in most cases, and you can end up with poorly-lit photographs that are disappointing. The only instances where it may not be appropriate to use a flash would probably be when a person is blowing out candles on a birthday cake, or people are toasting marshmallows around a campfire. Dark images with candlelight or fire light can be interesting, and would not give the same feeling or effect, if you doused the subject with light from a flash! Otherwise, you will need to have your flash ready to go whenever you are indoors photographing just about any subject. It is a good idea to play it safe and keep your flash in mind for any photography scenario you might find yourself in! |
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