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Making soap at home can be a fun and rewarding experience, leaving you with a usable craft item that you can take pride in. Sometimes, though, you'd like something a bit more decorative than just square blocks of soap, and then you need a mold. There are a variety of molds available on the market today, but sometimes they're just not what you're looking for... luckily, it's not very difficult to make your own custom molds out of modeling clay.
The first thing that you need to do is to figure out exactly what you'd like for your soap to look like. You may have a favorite toy or nicknack that you'd like to reproduce, or you might prefer to make your own unique design. Exploring custom designs, you can make the design out of anything, but it might be easiest to use some of the clay for this as well.
To make the initial design out of clay, begin by taking a piece of clay that is the same size as the bars of soap that you'd like to make. Sculpt or carve it as you see fit, keeping in mind that extremely fine details and extremely deep crevices might not transfer well to the final product. The texture doesn't have to be perfect, but you'll want to get the clay model to be as close to the finished product as you can... after all, the majority of what you do now will be transferred to the soap in the end.
Once you've got a piece of clay that looks more or less like what you want the soap to look like, bake or fire it according to package directions. You want it to be hard, since you'll be pressing it into more clay to make the final mold. Once it has been baked or fired, take a little time to sand down any rough spots that you don't want. You can also carve out a few more minor details if you desire, but remember that the clay that you have now is hard and much more likely to break than what you had before.
Next, decide how many bars or pieces of soap that you plan on making, and set up a mold box to accommodate all of them. build the box out of wood or other materials, with enough crosspieces to make a compartment for each piece that you plan on making. In the end, the box will look like you're going to make a lot of square or rectangular bars; it's these squares that you'll then fill with more clay.
Once all of the slots have been filled with clay, take your original piece and press it firmly into the clay. It should make a clear impression into the clay; this will be your soap mold. If any clay sticks out above the top of the mold box, you may cut it off and save it for another project; keep in mind, however, that if the clay doesn't reach the top of the mold box then the rest of the soap in the mold will fill in that area and be square. If you don't want this, make sure that the clay in each slot fills it to the top.
Now, take apart the mold box and bake or fire each piece of clay until it is hard. Once it's done, glaze it and put it back into its slot and put your mold back together. You might want to spray the inside of the molds with a Teflon or other nonstick coating; you probably won't want to use grease or anything that could melt, as the temperature of the liquid soap could melt it and it could be absorbed into your soap.
Once the molds are dried and ready, make your soap and pour it into the molds. Use a putty knife or similar object to smooth over the backs of the pieces, and set the entire mold aside to dry and set. Leave it alone for several weeks, or however long your individual soap recipe calls for. Once it is finished, you may then begin removing the individual soaps from their molds (taking apart the mold box if it makes it easier.)
It may take a bit of trial and error to match up the amount of molds and the amount of soap that you make. Hopefully, before long you'll have no problems and will be able to mold your soap into whatever you desire.
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