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Properly installing a sprinkler system is important for efficient irrigation and water conservation. Achieving the desired result can be possible by following a few guidelines.
The first thing to do is call the utility companies for the location of all buried lines before any digging or trenching occurs. After the buried lines call to the utility companies, the next step is to layout the irrigation system using flags or stakes to mark locations of valve boxes, pipe and sprinklers. Also, make sure you have all the supplies needed for the installation, such as pipe cleaner, glue, Teflon tape, etc. This step allows for a visual inspection of the system and will allow for any adjustments in the layout before the actual installation takes place. If installing the irrigations system in phases, proper planning will allow the landscape to remain undisturbed until reaching that particular phase.
After the layout is completed, the digging or trenching for the piping can begin. Dig the trench deep enough to protect the pipes from ground frost, soil aeration and tilling. When installing a medium to large sized irrigation system, renting trenching machine may save time and hard work. Now examine the ditch carefully before laying any pipe in it. There should be no big rocks in it. After inspecting the ditches, place the pipe and any wire the system needs into them. PVC pipe, generally used when installing irrigation systems, with both threaded and glued connections, will be required. When connecting the piping, male ends of PVC connections will need two layers of Teflon tape. Too much Teflon tape as well as threads that are too tight will often cause excessive stress on the joints. One turn past hand tight is sufficient for these connections. Now flush the pipeline before installing the sprinklers.
The next step is to connect the wiring. Make wire connections between each valve solenoid and the irrigation controller, also known as the time clock. Do not use wire nuts and plastic tape. They are not waterproof and all splices must be waterproof, instead purchase waterproofing wire connections. Make all wire splices in a valve box. To connect the wire, use white wire as the common wire and colored wires are hot wires.
Valves installed in the system will be located in the valve boxes also. This location of the valves allows them to be repaired or replaced as needed. Now the system is ready for the attaching the sprinklers. If using rotating or spray sprinklers, attach the sprinkler heads along with the appropriate size swing or flexible connections that they require. These particular connections protect the pipeline while allowing adjustment of the sprinkler. Install part circle sprinklers where they are irrigating the area desired.
Make all adjustments to the sprinklers immediately after installing the irrigation system. Backfill the trenches, water them, then backfill them again to reduce the amount of soil settlement below the landscape grade. Make drawings of the true location of the system and keep them as a future references for maintenance, repairs or future modifications. The sprinkler system is now ready for use.
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