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There is an old baseball saying: good pitching beats good hitting. Like many such phrases, this is easier said than done. It is true that a good pitcher can dominate a game, shutting down even the best opposing hitters and giving his team a great chance to win a ballgame. However, good pitching is not easy to accomplish. There are many factors involved in effective pitching, from body mechanics to pitch selection to mental toughness. If you can master all of these aspects, you will be well on your way to becoming a better pitcher.
The first, fundamental part of becoming a good pitcher is mastering body mechanics. There is a common misconception that pitching has everything to do with the arm. This is not true. The act of throwing a pitch involves every part of the body, from the arm to the hips to the legs. Most great pitchers understand this and work hard to build up their leg strength, rather than just focusing on arm exercises. Nowhere are body mechanics more important than in the wind-up.
To execute a traditional wind-up, begin by getting into the proper stance. This is done by standing and facing home plate, with at least one heel touching the pitching rubber (this is a rule in baseball). Your body should be squarely facing home plate, though where you stand on the rubber depends on which spot is most comfortable for you. At this point most pitchers like to put their pitching hand with the ball into the glove, and hold it up in front of them, to disguise what pitch they may be throwing. Next, begin the wind-up. Step straight back with the opposite leg of your throwing hand (left leg if you are right-handed, and right if you are left-handed). This should be a comfortable distance. If it is too large a step you will lose your balance; if it is too short you will not generate any power for the pitch. Remember to keep your other foot on the pitching rubber. At the same time you are stepping back, bring both hands (the pitching hand with the ball should still be in the glove) over your head, as if you are reaching to the sky. You can bring your arms a little behind your head, if that is comfortable.
Next, rotate on your right foot (assuming you are right-handed), so that your body turns right, or is facing the third-base line. Your foot should stay in contact with the rubber, but now will be parallel to it. While you are rotating, kick up the leg you had kicked back earlier, bending your knee at a right angle and swinging the leg in that position with the momentum of your rotation. Meanwhile, bring your arms down so that the glove, with the pitching hand and ball still in it, to about halfway down your chest. At this point you will be in a corkscrew-like position, known as the top of the wind-up. The rotation of the hips and the swinging of the legs create momentum that will help you with the pitch.
Finally, throw the pitch by unwinding from the corkscrew-like position. Release from the top of your wind-up by rotating back toward home plate while stepping toward home plate with your kicked leg and throwing the baseball. Drive forward with your back leg while rotating the hips. Once you release the ball, and your back leg swings forward with the momentum of the pitch, your feet should come close to parallel, and you should be ready to field any ball hit your direction.
Although the wind-up may sound complicated, it becomes easier with practice. Work on different stances, different leg kicks, and different angles of rotation. The important thing to remember is that all of the parts of the wind-up should work together, and should appear as one fluid motion.
The mechanical aspects of pitching are crucial, but they are only one part of a good pitcher¡¯s game. Knowing how to throw a pitch is one thing, but knowing which pitch to throw is another. Pitch selection depends on three things: the type of pitch, the speed of the pitch, and the location of the pitch. By mixing up these three elements, a pitcher can keep a hitter off-balance all day long. The first consideration is the type of pitch you want to throw. This depends on many factors, including your strengths as a pitcher and the batter¡¯s strength as a hitter. Some batter struggle with breaking balls. Others have a slow bat and can¡¯t catch up to a good fastball. Knowing your hitters will help you choose which pitches to throw. However, even if you know a batter is a weak fastball hitter, it makes little sense to keep throwing fastballs. Even a poor hitter will be able to guess which pitch is coming next and be prepared for it.
Once you¡¯ve decided which pitch you are going to throw, you must then choose the speed and location of the pitch. If you throw your pitches at the same speed all the time, hitters will be able to time your delivery and will have a much better chance of getting a hit. If you are a good fastball pitcher, mix in some change-ups, a pitch that looks like a fastball but is much slower. Changing location is also important. Many pitchers will try to ¡°set-up¡± a batter by throwing a pitch inside so that the batter backs away slightly. Then the pitcher comes back with a pitch on the outside of the plate, so the batter is too far away to make good contact. Many pitchers like to throw high fastballs, because it is one of the most difficult pitches to hit, but one of the hardest to take. Other pitchers like to ¡°nibble at the corners¡± of home plate, throwing pitches close enough to the strike zone that the batter feels the need to swing although it may not be a good pitch to hit.
A final, equally important part of a good pitcher¡¯s game is the mental aspect. One piece of advice many pitching coaches give to their pitchers is to take the hitters one at a time. There is no sense in brooding over the previous at-bat, even if you just allowed a home run. Nor is it sensible to be too celebratory if you strike somebody out. This will not help you with the next batter.
A good pitcher will face each batter with the same intensity and confidence regardless of the situation. Sometimes that intensity and confidence can help the pitcher succeed, especially if he or she is able to intimidate the hitter. This is known as ¡°psyching¡± somebody out, and some of the great pitchers in major league baseball history have been known as great intimidators. Nolan Ryan, Walter Johnson, and Bob Gibson were famous for their intimidating tactics, and in our own era, Pedro Martinez, Randy Johnson, and Roger Clemens are all known for being able to ¡°psyche out¡± an opposing batter. Staring down a batter as they step into the batter¡¯s box, pretending to be wild (some pitchers ¡°accidentally¡± throw fastballs way over the catcher¡¯s head), or taking a long time on the mound between pitches can all disrupt a hitter¡¯s concentration and rhythm.
Other pitchers have made good careers out of being ¡°smart¡± pitchers. They learn classic baseball strategy so they know what a hitter is trying to do at all times. If they think the hitter is going to bunt, they will throw pitches that are difficult to bunt. If they think a hitter is trying to hit the ball the opposite way, they will throw the ball inside, which makes that feat more difficult. Smart pitchers study the players in the league and learn what their strengths and weaknesses are. Then, before a game, they make a plan as to how they will pitch to each batter. This is time-consuming, but well worth it if you are serious about being a good pitcher.
Although pitching seems as easy as picking up a ball and throwing it, remember that there are many things that go into being a good pitcher. Simply because you have physical ability does not guarantee you will become a good pitcher. And if you find that you are not as physically gifted as some other pitchers, there are other ways you can compensate, and still become an effective pitcher. Either way, with hard work, discipline, and intelligence, you may find yourself on your way to stardom. |
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