|
World War II formed a milestone of many things, not the least of which is flight and fighter planes. WWII literally enveloped the world in war, across all continents and at least affected all countries. ach of the four major nations, America, Britain, Germany and Soviet Union, developed their own fighter planes and each country had their most famous design. Aircraft became a method for delivering bombs, goods, and even troops during WWII. The role of the fighter was to protect friendly bombing raids and deployments and to interfere with enemy activities.
Spitfire 1
The British fighter was the Spitfire, produced by Submarine in June of 1936. After its test flight by ¡®Mutt¡¯ Summers in 1936, Submarine built a second factory to accommodate the expected demand. By the time Britain officially went to war in 1939, about 2,160 Spitfires were already ordered. The Spitfire I was marginally faster and much more maneuverable than that of its principal opponent, the Luftwaffes Messerschmitt Bf 109E, although the Bf 109E could out climb and out dive the British fighter and its cannons had a longer effective range than the Spitfire. The Spitfire was marginally faster than the Luftwaffes Messerschmitt Bf 109E and maneuvered better although the BF 109E could rise and dive faster.
About 40 different variants of the Spitfire were produced; including fighter and bomber variants as well as mission- and combat area specific variations. The last Spitfire was produced in 1947.
P-51 Mustang
The P-51 Mustang is the most famous of the American ¡°big three¡± from WWII, the other two are the P47 and the P38. Ironically, the RAF provided the design specifications and requirements that makes it one of the most distinctive fighters of WWII. The cockpit is made to reduce drag, the wings are rounded at the edges, and a Rolls-Royce Merlin engine combined for one of the most agile and graceful fighters of the war. The Mustang also had a large fuel capacity and, with external tanks, could escort bombers to their target and back.
The Mustang was the fastest plane in the air at the time and its agility and ability to maintain those speeds allowed the pilot to retreat from the battle. Although it can¡¯t accelerate as quickly as other planes, the pilot can dive steeply and reach into the 500 knots range, about 200 Knots faster than most other planes. They also maintain such speeds well. Below 150 knots, however, the best Mustang pilot would be chewed up by true ¡®stallfighter.¡¯ The Mustang became the standard for future planes.
FW190 Focke Wulf
The Focke-Wulf 190 was widely regarded as one of WWII best fighters. It evolved from the designs of the BF 109 and German officials predicted it would never work as well but time proved them wrong. It entered operation in 1941 and ¡°immediately outclassed the Spitfire V, which appeared sluggish and outdated by comparison.¡±
Not only was it faster but the Focke had superior handling, a faster roll, and superior armament, which gave even inexperienced pilots an advantage. It also featured wider landing gear tires, for smother take off and landings, and wide track landing gear, for smother and more stable takeoffs and landings. The 190 was also one of the first fighters to feature a clear rear canopy, allowing pilots to keep an excellent lookout for enemy fighters. However these advantages could not make up for the slipping pilot training, overwhelming numbers, fuel shortages, and poor standards.
The Soviet prize of WWII was the Yakovlev 3. Testing of the model began in 1941 and the line was modified to maximize performance. The Luftewafte recognized it as a formidable enemy when they met it over Kursk in the summer of 1943. Despite its inferior weaponry, 18 Yak-3 met 30 ME 109s and destroyed fifteen while only losing one, before the 109s pulled away on 14th July 1944. The Normandie-Niemen Group, 41 French Aces which destroyed 273 total airplanes in the war, chose the Yak-3 to fly out of all Soviet, British, and American fighters available in 1943 and scored their last 99 kills in them.
The Soviets used many variants of the Yak 3, from reconnaissance to anti-tank, and 4,848 were used. The Yak-3s were smaller and simpler than other fighters of the time but they served the Soviet Union well; they consistently out-performed their enemies, conserved precious materials, and kept going when maintenance was almost impossible.
Air superiority was a huge advantage; the superior nation can disrupt production and movement of troops and goods while making their own easier. The battle for superiority was a constant struggle, as each new design came into international focus, other nations would redesign their own models to adjust to the ever changing air war.
|
Artical Related:
How to transfer files from an old computer to a new computer
What are figurado cigars?
Field hockey rules
Crafts tips: what is fiber art?
Lawn care tips: sod grass fertilizer advice




