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1831: Creation of French Foreign Legion.The Foreign Legion, whose unofficial motto is “Legio patria nostra” (“The legion is our fatherland”), was founded this day in 1831 by King Louis-Philippe as an aid in controlling French colonial possessions in Africa.More events on this day1975:Belgian novelist and poet Marie Gevers, who wrote works that evoked Kempenland, a rural area in which she spent most of her life, died. |
1945:The U.S. Army Air Forces bombed Tokyo with napalm, causing fires that destroyed a quarter of the city and killed some 80,000 civilians. |
1943:American chess master Bobby Fischer was born in Chicago. |
1930:American jazz saxophonist, composer, and bandleader Ornette Coleman was born in Fort Worth, Texas. |
1916:Pancho Villa's men killed more than a dozen in a raid on Columbus, New Mexico. |
1862:The Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack, a duel between ironclads during the American Civil War, marked the beginning of a new era of naval warfare. |
1454:Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci was born in Florence. |
432:The Parthenon was consecrated in Athens. |
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