1940: First prisoners at Auschwitz.On this day in 1940, the first transport of Polish political prisoners arrived at Auschwitz, which became Nazi Germany's largest concentration, extermination, and slave-labour camp, where more than one million people died.More events on this day1982:The surrender of the large Argentine garrison at Port Stanley to the British military concluded the Falkland Islands War, which was fought for the control of the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and its dependencies—territory long disputed by the warring nations. |
1963:The manned Soviet spacecraft Vostok 5 was launched, and two days later Vostok 6 was sent into orbit, carrying Valentina V. Tereshkova, the first woman cosmonaut. |
1928:Che Guevara—a theoretician and tactician of guerrilla warfare, a prominent communist figure in the Cuban Revolution (1956–59), and a guerrilla leader in South America—was born. |
1807:Napoleon won the Battle of Friedland, leading to a treaty with Alexander I of Russia. |
1800:Napoleon and his troops defeated the Austrians in the Battle of Marengo, securing his military and civilian authority in Paris. |
1777:The Continental Congress approved the Stars and Stripes as the first national flag of the United States. |
1658:The French and English defeated Spanish forces near Dunkirk (then in the Spanish Netherlands) in the Battle of the Dunes. |
1645:The parliamentary New Model Army led by Oliver Cromwell defeated the royalists under Prince Rupert in the Battle of Naseby. |
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