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In summer months people have outdoor obligations, like mowing the yard or trimming the hedges. It¡¯s also the time of year when we enjoy outdoor sports, cookouts and yard games. Keeping cool can be a challenge when we spend so much time outdoors. We usually think of heat exhaustion as happening to someone when the temperature is very hot and the sun is beating down. Although this can be true in some cases, it¡¯s not necessarily that way in all cases of heat exhaustion. Any type of overexertion can cause heat exhaustion or heat stroke. Heat exhaustion happens when our bodies try to warn us that they need to cool down immediately. There are warning signs before an actual heat stroke, like suddenly feeling cold and getting goose bumps, or seeing white spots before the eyes, but many people ignore the warning signs until it¡¯s too late.
When spending time outside, wear lightweight, light colored clothing - preferably not tight-fitting. Wearing a hat will also cut down on the amount of heat your body will absorb from the sun. Drink plenty of fluids - mostly water. If you¡¯re ever in the sun and you begin to feel dizzy or nauseous, seek shade immediately.
Recognizing the onset of heat exhaustion can save the person¡¯s life. If a person suddenly feels overly tired, dizzy, or ready to vomit, he or she could be suffering from heat exhaustion. If the person complains of a suddenly blinding headache, is speaking incoherently, feels cold and clammy, or faints - treat immediately for heat exhaustion.
Taking the victim¡¯s temperature won¡¯t necessarily help you to decide if they are suffering heat exhaustion, but if you take the victim¡¯s temperature and it is above 104 degrees, take the person immediately for medical attention. The person¡¯s temperature can remain normal while they have a full-blown heat stroke, so taking the temperature is not sure-fire evidence of a stroke. Generally the person will be sweating profusely and experience at least one of the above conditions.
If you suspect heat stroke, immediately get the person out of the sun and in a resting position. Loosen or remove tight clothing. Dip washcloths in cool water and place them on forehead, back of neck and arms. Fan the person to try to lower the temperature of the skin.
Give the person small drinks of water, but keep the person from gulping or drinking the water rapidly. Small sips while being wiped down with cool water and fanned is the combination to lowering the temperature rapidly. Never give warm beverages or caffeine during a heat stroke. Do not attempt to treat the victim with any type of medication or alcohol.
After about 20 minutes, the person should be starting to feel a little better. The victim should be able to comprehend and speak clearly, following simple commands. The person should no longer be trembling, feeling faint, nauseous, sweating profusely or speaking in an incoherent manner. If any of these symptoms remain after 30 minutes of fanning and giving water, seek immediate help from a health professional.
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