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Were you aware that the simple act of sitting could place strain on the body? Knowing this, you¡¯ll want to learn the importance of applying ergonomic principles to every day tasks.
Ergonomic principles have become a wide spread success from workplace to home to be used with most any task to reduce fatigue, injury, stress, and discomfort while improving quality of health and work life.
The benefits of using ergonomic principles are quite evident. By minimizing our movements, we would fatigue less quickly. With correct environment and task setups, we would spend less time trying to make ourselves comfortable; also, it would allow us to concentrate and focus better. We could avoid excess stress or strain from physical demands. We could lower the probability of error. We would be less likely to have accidents. And using ergonomic principles has proven to improve health and boost morale. Companies who have applied ergonomic principles to their workplace have successfully cut medical costs, compensation claims, and absentees of employee.
Think about a situation where you are on a handheld telephone with your head and neck crooked to one side while typing on the computer. Then you are asked to look-up something in a binder somewhat out of reach forcing you to over-stretch. You can see how the awkward positions could cause strain and stress on the body. Consider the pain and damage after being on a long call and doing this day after day. You think next time you will do just one task at a time. That concept might work at home, but not in the workplace where productivity and deadlines are important. However, if you had a headset; your computer equipment positioned accurately; your desk arranged with frequently needed items at arm¡¯s length; and you sat up straight with ankles, knees, hips and elbows positioned at ninety degrees, you would be less likely to place strain on the body. It isn¡¯t as easy as it seems, since we are creatures of habit and tend to slouch, grip, stretch, and bend without actually thinking about our incorrect movements. It takes training and conscious thought to apply ergonomic principles in as many aspects of home and office as possible to reduce stress and injury.
Since ergonomic principles are designed to maximize efficiency while minimizing injury, the risk of not applying these principles to daily activities at home or at work can result in cumulative trauma. Cumulative trauma is injury to the muscles, tendons, or nerves developed over time from repetitive stressful movements, such as computer work. There are several different types of cumulative trauma injury such as a strain or tear to the muscle, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, joint injury, spinal injury, or nerve damage. Most cumulative trauma injuries are chronic, costly, and eventually disabling. Usually, you won¡¯t even realize the damage since symptoms begin with unnoticeable or little pain.
Today, markets have capitalized on designing ergonomic products and equipment to make people more comfortable. But don¡¯t be fooled by a label reading ¡°ergonomically designed¡±. Even ergonomic products can result to further stress, strain, or injury if the principles of how to use it correctly are not applied.
Here are some common ergonomic principles that can be applied to every day tasks either at home or at work.
1. When using a computer position the monitor at or below eye level to help keep neck positioned correctly and place the keyboard at arm¡¯s length slightly lower than desk.
2. Avoid glare from a computer monitor that can strain your eyes.
3. Try to use a headset for long telephone calls.
4. Keep wrists in a neutral position and avoid contact pressure. This includes avoiding wrist pads that can be more harmful than helpful by aggravating the nerves in the wrist.
5. Keep items within arm's length to avoid over-stretching.
6. Avoid placing objects and controls used often above shoulder height.
7. Adjust work surface height so that it is at or below elbow height for most job tasks.
8. Be sure to keep items that have to be lifted between hand and shoulder height.
9. Adjust chair height according to leg length and the height of the work surface.
10. Allow space so that legs can be outstretched.
11. Keep feet on a firm surface. Or use an adjustable footrest so that legs are not dangling.
12. Handgrips and tools should fit hand size.
13. Workstation should be arranged to avoid over-stretching and unnecessary twisting.
14. When sitting, sit upright with ankles, knees, hips, and elbows positioned at ninety degrees with shoulders relaxed.
15. Select an adjustable chair with a stable base, adequate padding, good low-back support, proper back and hip support, and the seat doesn¡¯t hit the back of the knees.
16. Take periodic breaks to relieve stress or strain on the body.
17. When bending to lift, kneel or squat using leg and back strength together instead of placing burden directly on back.
18. Use kneepads with tasks requiring kneeling or squatting.
19. When doing yard work, try to use a back brace and limit time using weed trimming and lawn mowing devices, taking adequate breaks.
20. When doing housework try to keep pathways clear to avoid unnecessary twisting or stooping while vacuuming or mopping. And when working in the kitchen use chopping devices to avoid repetitive motion.
Whether at home or at work you can avoid serious, costly injuries and improve stamina with use of these simple ergonomic principles. If you are not aware of ergonomic principles being used in your workplace, consult with your employer about establishing them right away. Or you can take on the task yourself by applying these principles to your current work situation. |
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