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Teaching music to gifted children can be very rewarding, and very difficult. These students need special teachers, who understand their capabilities and limitations, and who can help them achieve their potential.
First of all, when teaching a gifted child, remember his or her limitations. Most gifted children don¡¯t like to be told they can¡¯t, so it¡¯s up to the teacher not to give them a task that they will not be able to complete. This includes knowing a bit about developmental psychology, so that you know at what age children are typically capable of certain tasks. For example, asking a gifted five-year-old to understand an abstract concept or statement is unfair; five-year-olds don¡¯t think that way yet. In music, don¡¯t try to explain ¡°musicality¡± and ¡°expression¡± to a six-year-old, because the child is not able to grasp what you are saying and will become frustrated because he can¡¯t make it work the way you do.
Second, identify the child¡¯s particular strengths. Is he a visual learner? Or auditory, or kinesthetic? Use the child¡¯s individual learning strength to aid in teaching him the instrument. If he is auditory and learning to play the violin, ask him to listen when you play, and listen when he plays. Have him match your pitch by listening. Play simple songs or patterns and have him repeat them to you (only once he has the skills on the instrument to be able to do this; begin by playing on only open strings). If the child is kinesthetic, play ¡°games¡± with him so that he can feel the motions he¡¯s making while playing the instrument. If he¡¯s visual, reinforce note reading by its location on the fingerboard.
Figure out the student¡¯s pace of learning, and push him as fast as he can adequately handle. Emphasize learning each skill and learning it well. Students who are gifted should not necessarily learn MORE skills at first, but should learn each skill more indepth. A gifted music student may be able to correct his intonation from nearly the beginning, because he can think about more than one thing at once (playing, listening, etc.). Explain how important each skill is, and give clear, thorough explanations of each skill (on the child¡¯s level). The child will listen, really hear what you say, and will do what you say. Younger children will do exactly what you say, so be careful.
As the student progresses, he will begin to learn more than the other students are learning. Make sure that you don¡¯t leave anything out. It¡¯s easy to want to gloss over lessons because you assume that the child is bright enough to pick up on what¡¯s being taught ¨C but don¡¯t assume that. Younger children, especially, may understand everything you point out and teach, but won¡¯t understand the subtleties. Point out exactly what you want the child to know and go very indepth with each point. Show the child the connections between the lessons; he can appreciate these in a way other children can¡¯t. For example, if a series of pieces are all in AABA form, a non-gifted child may not recognize it or care about it, even if it is pointed out. The gifted child, if told, will come to understand and recognize the pattern himself, and it will matter to him. That, of course, requires that the teacher point it out.
In each lesson, immediately correct any problems that you see, and explain why you are making the correction. If, for example, a student is not holding his bow correctly, he needs to know right away so he does not practice mistakes. A non-gifted child may need to be reminded, as well; but he may not be able to do it right as quickly and would become frustrated by constant reminders. A gifted child wants to know how he can learn to do it better, and he relies on you to give him that kind of feedback.
Always keep the student learning new music or a new skill even as you continue to work on old ones. A gifted student can often handle multi-tasking better than a non-gifted student. Also, while it is tempting to keep a child on particular music until he has mastered the skills he is supposed to be learning, gifted children will get bored too quickly. Find him new music that teaches the same or similar skills, and keep him moving. He will learn better if he constantly has new and appropriate challenges.
Let the gifted child know exactly what you expect of him, and push him harder than you push other students. Make sure he understands why ¨C compliment him on his musicianship and explain that he is very talented. This can serve as a supreme motivator for gifted students, who are more likely to be intrinsically motivated than are non-gifted students.
Overall, continually present the gifted child with new challenges, but make sure they are appropriate for his skill and developmental level. Make sure you always answer the all-important ¡°why¡± question. Explain things thoroughly and clearly. Correct problems immediately, compliment often, and your gifted student will thrive under your teaching. |
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