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When a family member is diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease, many adjustments need to be planned for. Even if the person is mostly functional at this point, a series of changes will begin to occur that may interrupt everyday life.
One of these is communication. People with Alzheimer's become forgetful. They lose the ability to express themselves clearly and to tell others what they want or need. This is enormously frustrating for the person and for those who provide daily care. To maintain communication as long as possible, here are some tips that may help:
1. Stick to a daily routine. Doing things the same time each day can help the patient become familiar with a schedule and know what to expect. Rising, dressing, bathing, eating, and social activities such as walking, visiting, or television help the Alzheimer's patient learn a daily set of behaviors that become ingrained over time. Gradually even the value of consistency will diminish, but at the beginning it is a valuable tool.
2. Look directly at the person. Make eye contact. Let him or her see your lips move as you speak. Stand close by. The physical movements associated with speech help the patient to see that communication is taking place, prompting him or her to try and understand.
3. Use simple words and statements. Without making baby talk or making the person feel like a pet or a simpleton, keep language basic:
"Breakfast is ready."
"Let's wash up."
"Ready to walk?'
Three- or four-word statements are very helpful, though initially some patients will understand more.
4. Let gestures help. Pointing in the direction of an activity will reinforce verbal communication. Or use a washing motion to accompany the directive to bathe. Some patients will not need this for a while, but be prepared to gradually add gestures to accent basic communication.
5. Become familiar with the person's needs. Knowing when she usually goes to the bathroom or likes to eat can minimize confusion and excessive communication attempts. Learn the person's preferences to help make things easier for both of you.
6. Listen for and encourage the patient's words and sounds. At first communication may be clear. Later, it can become garbled, slowed, confused, or meaningless, and eventually may stop altogether. Identify words that you can understand and repeat them back while checking the person's expression to see if you got it right. You can tell by a face lighting up or a confused look in the eyes whether you are on track.
7. Write notes. Use easy to read words and handwriting or print it on the computer. Some people respond better to reading that speaking tasks. See how it works for you.
8. Be patient. Our sense of loss when a loved one's health begins to decline can prompt us to try and elicit a "normal" response from the person. Reset your expectations, and praise whatever efforts your loved one makes.
While communicating with a loved one suffering with Alzheimer's Disease can be difficult, there is joy to be found in meeting that person's needs and adapting to the new conditions of his or her existence. You will have comfort, not regret, later in looking back on this bittersweet period of time. |
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