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Becoming a parent is an experience full of choices. One of the choices today¡¯s parents are making more and more often is to use cloth diapers instead of disposables. The advantages of cloth diapers are numerous and so are the cloth diapering choices on the market! Many parents to be or parents new to cloth diapers find themselves completely overwhelmed by the array of choices, as well as the language used to describe those choices.
To begin with we will discuss the various terms associated with cloth diapering, and then we will move on the main cloth diaper systems. By the time you are done reading this article the wonderful world of cloth diapers will no longer be shrouded in mystery!
The language surrounding cloth diapers can seem like a cryptic code to those who do not understand it. But like anything, a little knowledge helps it all make sense! The following are the most commonly used terms:
-Closures: Closures come in three main forms; pins, snaps or hook and loop tape. If a diaper closes with pins, that means there are no other forms of closure on the diaper. Diaper pins can be purchased at most stores that carry baby supplies. Snaps come in a variety of different materials but are generally either metal or a variety of different types of plastic. If a diaper has snaps, it does not need any other method of closure. Hook and loop tape is also known by a variety of different brand names such as Velcro, Alex, or Touch Tape. Again, if a diaper has hooked and loop closures, no other method of closure is needed. The closures are what hold the diaper closed on the baby. You will often see closures referred to as either front or side closing. What this means is that the closures either fasten across the front of the baby¡¯s tummy (front closures) or at the sides of the baby¡¯s tummy next to the hips (side closing). Which method is best is just a matter of personal preference.
-Design: This is an area where most people get totally lost! There are five basic design types: flats, prefolds, contours, fitted and All In One (AIO). There are many, many variations on some of these types but do not let that confuse you! The basics are still the same. A flat diaper is just that; a large flat square or rectangular piece of fabric. A flat diaper must be folded before it is placed on the baby. A prefold is a square or rectangular diaper that has a thick center pad, much like a flat diaper that has been folded, and then sewn in place (hence the name). A prefold must still be folded before it is put on a baby, but not to the same extent as a flat diaper. A contour diaper is usually hour glass shaped. It is designed to fit without having to be folded. A fitted diaper is shaped to fit a baby, and has elastic in the legs, the back waist, and sometimes the front waist. They usually have some type of closure so that the diaper goes on and stays on without the aid of any other equipment. All of these styles of diapers require a cover for wetness protection! An AIO diaper is a fitted diaper that has an added layer of waterproof material sewn directly onto the diaper so that a separate cover is not necessary.
-Covers: Diaper covers come in two basic styles: wraps or pull on. Wrap covers are usually front-closing. However, they can also be side closing. Wraps are generally made with either snap or hook and loop closures. They have elastic at the legs, the back waist, and sometimes the front waist. Pull on covers have no closures, and instead simply pull on. There is elastic at the legs, and all around the waist (much like a pair of underwear). Covers come in a wide variety of materials including synthetics like coated nylon and PUL and natural fibers like wool
- Materials: There are far too many different fabrics used in the construction of diapers and covers to list them all. However, I will go over a few of the most common fabrics for both. Diapers are usually made from very absorbent, 100% natural fiber fabrics such as cotton and hemp. The most common diaper fabrics are: flannel, terry cloth, velour, hemp fleece, hemp jersey, cotton knits, and various moisture wicking synthetic fabrics such as suede cloth and fleece. Fabrics that are referred to as moisture wicking are those that help draw moisture away from baby¡¯s skin into the body of the diaper so baby¡¯s skin stays dry. Covers are usually made from: Wool, nylon taffeta (that has a special waterproof coating applied), special water resistant fleece, and fabrics coated with PUL (polyurethane laminate).
Now that you have a better grasp on some of the basic diapering terms it is time to discuss how all these various items go together. Basically, a good diaper system requires two things: A very absorbent diaper, and a very waterproof cover. When these two combine, you end up with a comfortable baby and no leaks!
All diaper types, except AIOs need a cover. The type of diaper you choose will influence your choices in diaper covers. Each diaper type has its advantages and disadvantages.
Flat, prefold and contour diapers are the most economical diapers. They are very simple, and their price reflects that. It is also possible to find these types of diapers at local retail stores in some areas. The down side of these diapers is that all of them require separate closures such as pins, or fitted covers that hold the diaper in place. They also require that more time be spent folding them (in the case of flats and prefolds) and fitting them onto the baby. Because they are not fitted, they also do not conform to the shape of the baby and will be more prone to poopy diaper blow outs. Any style of diaper cover can be used with these diapers, however, in order to use a pull on style diaper cover the diaper must be first held in place with pins. Otherwise it will slip and twist inside the pull on cover. If a snug wrap is used, pins are not necessary because the wrap will hold the diaper in place.
Fitted diapers come in a variety of styles including front and side closing. Their biggest drawbacks are usually price and availability. In most areas quality fitted diapers are only available through online retailers, auction sites, and WAHMs (Work At Home Moms). Because of the amount of materials, the small scale nature of their production, and the time involved in making them the costs per diaper are much higher than the other types of diapers already discussed. However, over the long run they are still less expensive than disposables. Fitted diapers offer the great advantage of a ¡®baby shaped¡¯ diaper that fits snugly and reduces or completely eliminates ¡®blow outs¡¯. Fitted diapers are also generally more absorbent and higher quality than flats, prefolds or contours. Fitted diapers are usually equipped with their own closures, which also eliminates the needs for pins. They are easy to use, quick to change, and only require simple pull on covers.
All In One diapers offer all the same advantages as fitted diapers with the added bonus of eliminated the need for a separate cover. This literally makes them as easy to change as a disposable diaper! The drawbacks include a much higher price, and a lack of flexibility. Many parents like the option of being able to choose separate styles of diapers and covers to get the best fit on their baby. It is also questionable as to whether or not AIOs wash as clean as other types of diapers since wash water can not pass all the way through them due to the waterproof outer layer of the diaper.
One of the best methods of determining what will work best for you is just simple trial and error. While you are waiting for your little one to arrive, and building up your diaper stash choose a variety of diapers and covers. It is wise to have at least 2 dozen diapers for a newborn, and 6 covers. Mix and match your diaper types, and by the time you are ready for the next size up you will know exactly what you like best!
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