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Did you know that cholesterol levels play a major role in overall health? A high cholesterol level puts you at risk for heart disease and stroke. The good news is that cholesterol levels can be lowered through proper diet and physical activity, as well as medication in extreme situations. Also of note: cholesterol tests are simple and quick procedures you can have done during a typical visit to your healthcare provider.
Cholesterol is measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood. While there are some standards for ˇ°healthyˇ± levels of cholesterol, it is important to ask your healthcare provider for insight as to how your levels add up when combined with other factors that could put you at risk for cardiovascular disease.
There are two main types of cholesterol: LDL (low density lipoprotein) and HDL (high density lipoprotein). Oftentimes, people refer to LDL as ˇ°badˇ± cholesterol because it is the major carrier of cholesterol in the blood and if too much cholesterol is present in the blood, it can build up in and, overtime, clog the arteries thus causing heart attacks or strokes. Typically, you are at high risk for heart disesase if your LDL level is 160 mg/dL or higher.
HDL is often referred to as ˇ°goodˇ± cholesterol. HDL only carries as much as one-third of cholesterol through the blood stream, but it appears to carry cholesterol away from the arteries and out to the liver where it is expelled from the body. High levels of HDL put you at low risk for heart attack because it is thought HDL may remove excess cholesterol from the arteries. Low levels of 40 mg/dL or less of HDL in the blood put you at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
So how can you go about lowering your bad cholesterol (LDL) and raising your good cholesterol (HDL) levels?
The most significant way is in following a well-balanced diet that follows the guidelines on the food pyramid. The human liver typically produces the amount of cholesterol that a body needs to be healthy. However, each day many of us eat foods that come from animals and contain cholesterol. Some examples include: eggs, dairy products, meats, fish, and poultry. This means our bodies could have too much cholesterol and we could be putting ourselves at risk for developing cardiovascular disease. body typically makes all the cholesterol it needs. However, most food from plants, like fruits and vegetables, do not contain cholesterol. Eating more grains, fruits and vegetables in place of animal products is one way to lower cholesterol levels. Another way is to watch intake of saturated fat and trans fats. If you look at the food pyramid, you will note that it encourages you to eat more fruits, whole grains, and vegetables and less meats and sweets.
Physical activity also helps to keep cholesterol levels in check. People who engage in at least 30 minutes of physical activity each day often are noted to have higher levels of HDL or good cholesterol. Regular physical activity also helps lower other risks of heart disease and stroke including obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. The good news is that even moderate forms of physical activity such as walking or household chores are shown to be beneficial. Also of note is that you can get your 30 minutes each day in smaller segments such as 2 ¨C 15 minute walks or 3 ¨C 10 minute spurts. Of course, you always should check with your doctor before beginning any physical activity program.
Not smoking and limiting exposure to secondhand smoke is another way to raise your good cholesterol level, making you less at risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke lowers HDL levels, making the risk for heart disease or stroke more likely.
While cholesterol levels seem mysterious at first, a simple test and conversation with your healthcare provider can help you unravel this mystery. Knowing your levels of HDL and LDL is the first step, then making sure you follow a healthy, balanced diet and engage in physical activity are two easy ways to lower your cholesterol levels. When combined with quitting smoking, you can see your cholesterol levels shrink while at the same time feeling your body get stronger and more efficient. |
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