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Because diabetics produce insufficient levels of insulin or are increasingly resistant to it, depending upon the specifics of their individual disorder, keeping blood glucose readings in check can be difficult. With Type Two, or non-insulin dependent diabetes, diet and oral medicines to lower blood sugar are the main regulators, with possible supplemental insulin, usually in the form of a self-delivered sub-dermal shot. Type One diabetics, whose insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells have been destroyed as a result of an auto-immune irregularity, must rely wholly on artificial sources for their insulin, and either must deliver several such shots daily or must rely on an insulin pump, a device about the size of a pager that can be worn at the hip. While Type One diabetes is commonly differentiated from Type Two on the basis of insulin dependency, many Type Two diabetics require insulin shots--it is the nature of Type One diabetes, the self-destruction of the pancreatic beta cells, which defines the difference between the two classifications of the disorder.
For the uninitiated, it should be said that insulin is a hormone in the body of humans and many animals that helps to regulate the cellular intake of glucose, the carbohydrate molecule that serves as our body's basic energy unit. Insulin is produced in the pancreas by a small archipelago of cells, often called beta cells, that are therefore essential to our metabolic processes. In fact, we are so dependent upon regular insulin that diabetes was, before the halfway point of the twentieth century, considered inevitably fatal. Modern science has turned diabetes, even severe diabetes, into more of a daily hurdle than a death warrant, but no amount of medicine can overrule the need for daily effort and diet management on the part of the patient. Diabetes is a serious illness, and if you neglect it, it will kill you. It may not happen tomorrow, it may not happen a year from now, but if you ignore your condition, your health will decline very rapidly, perhaps irreversibly, and you will find yourself in great daily pain. For this reason, anyone diagnosed with diabetes should take it very, very seriously, and should make every effort to stick within the guidelines made by your doctor.
Proper diet is one of the factors most relevant to glucose regulation. Because the carbohydrates from your food are converted to glucose in the blood, eating great amounts of carbohydrate at once, especially simple carbohydrates like sugars, can cause an unhealthy spike in blood glucose. Starches and other complex carbohydrates cause the same inflation of glucose levels, but their intake is diluted over a longer period due to their slower rate of absorption. They are for this reason less dangerous, but still should be approached with caution. While planning a diabetic diet can be complicated, a few general principles are key to the concept, most prominently, avoidance of excessively sugary foods, such as fruits, sugar-sweetened sodas, and certain vegetables.
Food choice as a diabetic, especially in a family of non-diabetics, can be difficult at times, but should not become any more daunting than it has to be. With sufficient meal planning, a diabetic who subscribes to a somewhat modified version of the traditional food pyramid can eat normal, delicious meals acceptable for the whole family. The internet can be a wonderful source of information for specific recipes and food-specific carbohydrate counts, but numerous cookbooks have been published with the same intent. Especially in current times, when low-carbohydrate diets are in full swing, it should not be exceedingly difficult to find recipes and new foods specifically designed to limit carbohydrate intake. Dairy, which contains large quantities of the sugar sucrose, is usually ill-advised for diabetic consumption in large amounts. Low-carbohydrate dairy products, however, such as those specially marketed for diabetics or for low-carb dieters may be more diabetic-friendly. Artificial sweeteners have also reached an era of greater sophistication and variety. While preference depends on individual taste, aspartame and saccharine are now met with sucralose, most commonly known by the brand name Splenda. Despite some amount of bunk surrounding artificial sweeteners, all three options are very much safe, by most scientific accounts equally so. To a diabetic, the only sweetener you should be afraid of is the real sort. If so much bunk has you afraid of aspartame in your soda, you could join the bandwagon and try products like Diet Rite, which now include Splenda, but remember that contrary to popular belief, this product, too, is entirely artificial, and if anything has been met with less public scrutiny due to its more recent advent.
Remember above all the seriousness of diabetes as an illness, but do not be discouraged easily by the limitations of food choice that face you. For every limitation, there is a new dish or new meal that you haven't tried and may love which entirely corresponds to the diabetic diet. The final rule of what you can and cannot eat lies in your blood glucose reading. Some foods may affect you more quickly or more severely than others. Test your levels often during the day, and change your diet accordingly. You may find that the best way to keep your levels low is to eat small amounts spread out over a larger period, or that you can eat more carbohydrates in the evening than the morning, or vice versa. |
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